As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 8, 2009

Registration No. 333-      

 

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D. C. 20549

 

 

 

 

Form S-3

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

Kennametal Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

World Headquarters

1600 Technology Way

P.O. Box 231

Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650-0231

(724) 539-5000

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrants’ principal executive offices)

 

David W. Greenfield

Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel

Kennametal Inc.

World Headquarters

1600 Technology Way

P.O. Box 231

Latrobe, PA 15650-0231

(724) 539-5000

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

Copies to:

 

Lewis U. Davis, Jr.

Ronald Basso

Buchanan Ingersoll & Rooney PC

One Oxford Centre, 20th Floor

301 Grant Street

Pittsburgh, PA 15219

(412) 562-8800

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:  From time to time after the effective date of this registration statement.

 

If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. o

 

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. þ

 

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o

 

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. þ

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE(1)

 

 

Prospectus

 

 

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Debt Securities

Warrants

Purchase Contracts

Units and Depositary Shares

 

 

We may offer from time to time capital stock, par value $1.25 per share (common stock), preferred stock, debt securities, warrants, purchase contracts, units or depositary shares. We may offer and sell these securities to or through one or more underwriters, dealers and agents, or directly to purchasers, on a continuous or delayed basis. In addition, certain selling securityholders to be identified in a prospectus supplement may offer and sell these securities from time to time, in amounts, at prices and on terms that will be determined at the time the securities are offered. Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and trades under the symbol “KMT.”

 

This prospectus describes some of the general terms that may apply to these securities. The specific terms of any securities to be offered will be described in a supplement to this prospectus. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. We urge you to read this prospectus and the applicable accompanying prospectus supplement, together with the documents we incorporate by reference, carefully before you make your investment decision.

 

This prospectus may not be used to sell securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

The date of this prospectus is July 8, 2009.

 

Table of Contents

 

 

This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf process, we may sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we sell securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement. You should read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement together with additional information described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information.”

 

We have filed or incorporated by reference exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. You should read the exhibits carefully for provisions that may be important to you.

 

Except as otherwise specifically noted, “we,” “our,” “us” and similar words and/or “Kennametal” and the “Company” in this prospectus refer to Kennametal Inc.

 

We are a leading global supplier of tooling, engineered components and advanced materials consumed in production processes. We specialize in developing and manufacturing metalworking tools and wear-resistant parts using a specialized type of powder metallurgy. We operate in two business segments: Metalworking Solutions & Services Group (MSSG) and Advanced Materials Solutions Group (AMSG).

 

Our MSSG segment provides consumable metalcutting tools and tooling systems to manufacturing companies in a wide range of industries throughout the world. Metalcutting operations include turning, boring, threading, grooving, milling and drilling. Our tooling systems consist of a steel toolholder and cutting tool such as an indexable insert or drill made from cemented tungsten carbides, ceramics, cermets or other hard materials. During a metalworking operation, the toolholder is positioned in a machine that provides turning power. While the workpiece or toolholder is rapidly rotating, the cutting tool insert or drill contacts the workpiece and cuts or shapes the workpiece. The cutting tool insert or drill is consumed during use and must be replaced periodically.

 

Our AMSG segment’s principal business lines include the production and sale of cemented tungsten carbide products used in mining, highway construction and engineered applications requiring wear and corrosion resistance, including compacts and other similar applications. These products have technical commonality to our metalworking products. Additionally, we manufacture and market engineered components with a proprietary metal cladding technology as well as other hard materials that likewise provide wear resistance and life extension. These products include radial bearings used for directional drilling for oil and gas, extruder barrels used by plastics manufacturers and food processors and numerous other engineered components to service a wide variety of industrial markets. We also sell metallurgical powders to manufacturers of cemented tungsten carbide products, intermetallic composite ceramic powders and parts used in the metalized film industry, and we provide application-specific component design services and on-site application support services. Lastly, we provide our customers with engineered component process technology and materials, which focus on component deburring, polishing and producing controlled radii.

 

Kennametal Inc. was incorporated in Pennsylvania in 1943. The principal executive office of Kennametal Inc. is located at World Headquarters, 1600 Technology Way, P.O. Box 231, Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650-0231, and the telephone number at that address is (724) 539-5000. Our website is located at www.kennametal.com. The information on our website is not part of this prospectus.

 

Investing in our securities involves risks. You should carefully consider the risks described under “Risk Factors” in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2009, which is incorporated herein by reference, as well as the other information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement hereto before making a decision to invest in our securities.

 

This prospectus (including the documents incorporated by reference) contain “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements are statements that do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. You can identify forward-looking statements by the fact they use words such as “should,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “approximate,” “expect,” “may,” “will,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe” and other words of similar meaning and expression in connection with any discussion of future operating or financial performance or events. Forward-looking statements in this prospectus may concern, among other things, Kennametal’s expectations regarding our strategy, goals, plans and projections regarding our financial position, liquidity and capital resources, results of operations, market position, and product development, all of which are based on current expectations that involve inherent risks and uncertainties. Among the factors that could cause the actual results to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements are risks and uncertainties related to:

 

 

Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements prove incorrect, actual outcomes could vary materially from those indicated. These and other risks are more fully described in the “Risk Factors” section in this prospectus and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2009, and in our other periodic filings with the

Securities and Exchange Commission. We undertake no obligation to release publicly any revisions to forward-looking statements as a result of future events or developments.

 

Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus supplement, the net proceeds from the sale of the securities will be used for general corporate purposes, including working capital, acquisitions, retirement of debt and other business opportunities. In the case of a sale by a selling securityholder, we will not receive any of the proceeds from such sale.

 

The following table sets forth our ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the periods indicated.

 

 

 

This prospectus contains a summary of the securities Kennametal or certain selling securityholders to be identified in a prospectus supplement may sell. These summaries are not meant to be a complete description of each security. However, this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement contain the material terms of the securities being offered.

 

The following summary of the terms of our capital stock is not meant to be complete and is qualified by reference to the relevant provisions of the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (the “Restated Articles”) and our Restated Bylaws (the “Bylaws”). Copies of the Restated Articles and Bylaws have been filed with the SEC, are incorporated herein by reference, and will be sent to you at no charge upon request. See “Where you can find more information.”

 

General

 

Our authorized capital stock consists of 120,000,000 shares of capital stock, par value $1.25 per share (the “Common Stock”), and 5,000,000 shares of Class A Preferred Stock, no par value (the “Preferred Stock”), the rights and preferences of which may be established from time to time by our board of directors (the “Board of Directors” or “Board”). As of June 30, 2009, 73,233,255 shares of Common Stock were outstanding and were held by approximately 2,425 holders. No shares of Preferred Stock were issued or outstanding as of June 30, 2009.

 

Common Stock

 

Each share of our Common Stock is entitled to one vote on all matters requiring a vote of shareholders and, subject to the rights of the holders of any outstanding shares of Preferred Stock, each shareholder is entitled to receive any dividends, in cash, securities or property, as our Board may declare. Pennsylvania law prohibits the payment of dividends or the repurchase of our shares if we are insolvent or if we would become insolvent after the dividend or repurchase. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, either voluntarily or involuntarily, subject to the rights of the holders of any outstanding shares of Preferred Stock, holders of Common Stock are entitled to share pro-rata in all of our remaining assets available for distribution. The Common Stock issued by this prospectus will, when issued, be fully paid and nonassessable and will not have, or be subject to, any preemptive or similar rights.

 

Preferred Stock

 

Under Pennsylvania law and our Restated Articles, the Board of Directors, without further action by the shareholders, is authorized to designate and issue in series Preferred Stock and to fix as to any series the annual dividend or dividend rate, the relative priority as to dividends, redemption prices, preferences on dissolution, the terms of any sinking fund, voting rights, conversion rights, if any, and any other preferences or special rights and qualifications. The Board of Directors has authorized 500,000 shares of Series One Preferred Stock for use in the Rights Agreement (as defined below). See “—Rights Agreement” below.

 

If we issue Preferred Stock, it may rank senior to the Common Stock with respect to the payment of dividends or amounts upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up, or both. In addition, shares of Preferred Stock may have class or series voting rights. Issuances of Preferred Stock, while providing the Company with flexibility in connection with general corporate purposes, may, among other things, have an adverse effect on the rights of holders of Common Stock. We have no present plans to issue any Preferred Stock.

 

Covenant Restrictions

 

In March 2006 we entered into a five-year, multi-currency, revolving credit facility with Bank of America, N.A., London Branch, as Euro Swingline Lender, Keybank National Association and National City Bank of Pennsylvania, as co-syndication agents, PNC Bank, National Association and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as

co-documentation agents, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, and we entered into Amendment No. 1 to that facility on July 6, 2009 (the “Credit Facility”). The Credit Facility contains financial and operating covenants, including restrictions on our ability to, among other things, incur additional debt, make advances and investments, create, incur or permit the existence of certain liens, and make loans or guarantees, and requires us to achieve and maintain certain financial ratios, including minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio and maximum consolidated leverage ratio and to grant security in limited circumstances.

 

Securities issued by us in the future, including debt securities, and future credit agreements may contain various restrictive covenants similar or in addition to the covenants described above.

 

Anti-Takeover Provisions in our Charter and Bylaws

 

Certain provisions of the Restated Articles and Bylaws could have an anti-takeover effect. These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continuity and stability in the composition of our Board of Directors and in the policies formulated by it. They may also discourage an unsolicited takeover of us if the Board of Directors determines that the takeover is not in the best interests of us and our shareholders. These provisions could have the effect of discouraging certain attempts to acquire us or remove incumbent management even if some or a majority of shareholders deemed such an attempt to be in their best interests.

 

The provisions in the Restated Articles and Bylaws include: (i) the classification of the Board of Directors into three classes; (ii) a procedure which requires shareholders to nominate directors in advance of a meeting to elect such directors; and (iii) the authority to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock without shareholder approval.

 

The Restated Articles also include a provision requiring the affirmative vote of the holders of 75% of our outstanding stock to approve certain mergers or other business combinations or transactions with five percent shareholders; a provision requiring the affirmative vote of the holders of 75% of our outstanding stock to remove the entire Board of Directors, a class of the Board of Directors, any individual member of the Board of Directors without cause, or to increase the size of the Board of Directors to more than twelve members or decrease the size of the Board of Directors to fewer than eight members; a provision requiring, in the case of repurchases at a premium over market by us from certain four percent Shareholders (as defined in the Restated Articles), the affirmative vote of the holders of voting power of an amount of shares equal to the voting power of the four percent shareholder plus a majority of the voting power of the other shares not held by the four percent shareholder; and a provision requiring the affirmative vote of a majority of our outstanding stock held by disinterested shareholders to approve certain business combinations involving a stockholder who beneficially owns more than 10% of our voting power, unless certain minimum price, form of consideration and procedural requirements are satisfied or the transaction is approved by a majority of disinterested directors.

 

Pursuant to the Restated Articles, the Board of Directors is permitted to consider the effects of a change in control on our non-shareholder constituencies, such as our employees, suppliers, creditors, customers and the communities in which we operate. Pursuant to this provision, the Board of Directors may be guided by factors in addition to price and other financial considerations.

 

The Bylaws provide that any shareholder who desires to present a nomination of person(s) for election to the Board of Directors or a proposal of other business at a shareholders’ meeting (a “Proponent”) must first provide timely written notice to the Secretary. The Bylaws set forth the deadlines for submitting such advance notice. The advance notice must set forth in reasonable detail (i) as to each person the shareholder proposes to nominate for election to the Board of Directors, information concerning the proposed nominee, including such nominee’s consent to serve as a director if elected and other specific information called for by the Bylaws, or (ii) as to any other business that the shareholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a description of the substance of the proposal. The advance notice must include all such information regarding the Proponent’s proposal and/or nominee(s) which would have been required to be included in a proxy statement filed pursuant to the proxy rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission had the nomination or other proposal been made by the Board of Directors. The advance notice must also include a representation from the Proponent that such person is a shareholder of record and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to

present the nomination or other proposal specified in the notice and a description of all arrangements or understandings between the Proponent and any other person or persons (naming such persons) pursuant to which the nomination or other proposal is to be made by the Proponent.

 

PBCL Anti-Takeover Provisions

 

The Pennsylvania Business Corporation Law (the “PBCL”) contains a number of statutory “anti-takeover” provisions, including Subchapters E, F, G and H of Chapter 25 and Sections 2521, 2524 and 2538 of the PBCL, which apply automatically to a Pennsylvania registered corporation (usually a public company) unless the corporation elects to opt-out of those provisions. We are a Pennsylvania registered corporation, and as a result we are subject to the anti-takeover provisions described below. Descriptions of the anti-takeover provisions are qualified in their entirety by reference to the PBCL.

 

Subchapter E (relating to control transactions) generally provides that if any person or group acquires 20% or more of our voting power, the remaining holders of voting shares may demand from such person or group the fair value of their voting shares, including a proportionate amount of any control premium.

 

Subchapter F (relating to business combinations) generally delays for five years and imposes conditions upon “business combinations” between an “interested shareholder” and us. The term “business combination” is defined broadly to include various transactions between a corporation and an interested shareholder including mergers, sales or leases of specified amounts of assets, liquidations, reclassifications and issuances of specified amounts of additional shares of stock of the corporation. An “interested shareholder” is defined generally as the beneficial owner of at least 20% of a corporation’s voting shares.

 

Section 2521 of the PBCL provides that shareholders are not entitled to call special meetings of the shareholders and our Bylaws do not give shareholders any right to call special meetings.

 

Section 2524 provides that shareholders cannot act by partial written consent unless permitted in the articles of incorporation.

 

Section 2538 of the PBCL generally establishes certain shareholder approval requirements with respect to specified transactions with “interested shareholders.”

 

We have elected to opt out of Subchapters G and H of Chapter 25 of the PBCL. Subchapter G would have required a shareholder vote to accord voting rights to control shares acquired by a 20% shareholder in a control-share acquisition. Subchapter H would have required a person or group to disgorge to us any profits received from a sale of our equity securities within 18 months after the person or group acquired, offered to acquire or publicly disclosed an intention to acquire 20% of our voting power or publicly disclosed an intention to acquire control of us.

 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

 

BNY Mellon Shareowner Services is the Transfer Agent and Registrar for the Common Stock.

 

Rights Agreement

 

We have adopted a rights plan pursuant to which the Board authorized and we distributed one preferred stock purchase right (each a “right”) for each outstanding share of Common Stock at the close of business on September 5, 2000. The terms of the rights are governed by a Rights Agreement between the Company and BNY Mellon Shareowner Services (formerly ChaseMellon Shareholder Services, L.L.C.), as Rights Agent, dated as of November 2, 2000, as amended by the First Amendment to Rights Agreement, dated as of October 6, 2004 (the “Rights Agreement”). The rights, which currently are automatically transferred with the related shares of Common Stock, and may be transferred only in connection with the transfer of the underlying shares of Common Stock (including a transfer to the Company), entitle the holder to purchase one one-hundredth of a share of Series One Preferred Stock at a price of $120 (subject to certain adjustments). Pursuant to the 2-for-1 stock split effected on December 17, 2007, the rights were automatically adjusted such that one-half of a right attached to each post-split share of Common Stock.

Subject to certain restrictions, the rights become exercisable only if a person or group of persons acquires or intends to make a tender offer for 20% or more of our Common Stock. If any person acquires 20% of the Common Stock, each right will entitle the shareholder to receive upon exercise that number of shares of Common Stock having a market value of two times the exercise price. If we are acquired in a merger or certain other business combinations, each right then will entitle the shareholder to purchase at the exercise price, that number of shares of the acquiring company having a market value at the time of the transaction of two times the exercise price.

 

The rights will expire on November 2, 2010, and are subject to redemption in certain circumstances by us at a redemption price of $0.01 per right.

 

This description of the Rights Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Rights Agreement, a copy of which has been filed with the SEC as an exhibit in the Registration Statement of which this Prospectus forms a part. For a more detailed description of the Rights Agreement, see our Form 8-A filed with the SEC on October 10, 2000 and our Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 6, 2004 with respect to the rights and incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

 

The debt securities will be our direct unsecured general obligations. The debt securities will be either senior debt securities or subordinated debt securities. The debt securities that are sold may be exchangeable for and/or convertible into Common Stock or any of the other securities that may be sold under this prospectus. The debt securities will be issued under one or more separate indentures between us and a bank or trust company that has its principal office in the U.S., as trustee. Senior debt securities will be issued under a senior indenture. Subordinated debt securities will be issued under a subordinated indenture. Each of the senior indenture and the subordinated indenture is referred to as an indenture. The material terms of any indenture will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

We may issue warrants to purchase our debt or equity securities or securities of third parties or other rights, including rights to receive payment in cash or securities based on the value, rate or price of one or more specified commodities, currencies, securities or indices, or any combination of the foregoing. Warrants may be issued independently or together with any other securities and may be attached to, or separate from, such securities. Each series of warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and a warrant agent. The terms of any warrants to be issued and a description of the material provisions of the applicable warrant agreement will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

We may issue purchase contracts for the purchase or sale of:

 

 

Each purchase contract will entitle the holder thereof to purchase or sell, and obligate us to sell or purchase, on specified dates, such securities, currencies or commodities at a specified purchase price, which may be based on a formula, all as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. We may, however, satisfy our obligations, if any, with respect to any purchase contract by delivering the cash value of such purchase contract or the cash value of the property otherwise deliverable or, in the case of purchase contracts on underlying currencies, by delivering the underlying currencies, as set forth in the applicable prospectus

supplement. The applicable prospectus supplement will also specify the methods by which the holders may purchase or sell such securities, currencies or commodities and any acceleration, cancellation or termination provisions or other provisions relating to the settlement of a purchase contract.

 

The purchase contracts may require us to make periodic payments to the holders thereof or vice versa, which payments may be deferred to the extent set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, and those payments may be unsecured or prefunded on some basis. The purchase contracts may require the holders thereof to secure their obligations in a specified manner to be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Alternatively, purchase contracts may require holders to satisfy their obligations thereunder when the purchase contracts are issued. Our obligation to settle such pre-paid purchase contracts on the relevant settlement date may constitute indebtedness. Accordingly, pre-paid purchase contracts will be issued under either the senior indenture or the subordinated indenture.

 

As specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, we may issue units consisting of one or more purchase contracts, warrants, debt securities, shares of preferred stock, shares of common stock or any combination of such securities.

 

As specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, we may issue fractional interests in shares of Preferred Stock, rather than shares of Preferred Stock, containing such rights and subject to such terms and conditions as we may specify. If we exercise that option, we will provide for a depositary to issue receipts for depositary shares, each of which will represent a fractional interest in a share of Preferred Stock. The shares of Preferred Stock underlying the depositary shares will be deposited under a separate deposit agreement between us and a bank or trust company depositary that has its principal office in the U.S. The prospectus supplement will include the name and address of the depositary.

 

Each debt security, warrant, unit or depositary share will be represented either by a certificate issued in definitive form to a particular investor or by one or more global securities representing the entire issuance of securities. Certificated securities in definitive form and global securities will be issued in registered form. Definitive securities name you or your nominee as the owner of the security, and in order to transfer or exchange these securities or to receive payments other than interest or other interim payments, you or your nominee must physically deliver the securities to the trustee, registrar, paying agent or other agent, as applicable. Global securities name a depositary or its nominee as the owner of the debt securities, warrants or units represented by these global securities. The depositary maintains a computerized system that will reflect each investor’s beneficial ownership of the securities through an account maintained by the investor with its broker/dealer, bank, trust company or other representative, as we explain more fully below.

 

Registered Global Securities

 

We may issue the registered debt securities, warrants and units in the form of one or more fully registered global securities that will be deposited with a depositary or its nominee identified in the applicable prospectus supplement and registered in the name of that depositary or nominee. In those cases, one or more registered global securities will be issued in a denomination or aggregate denominations equal to the portion of the aggregate principal or face amount of the securities to be represented by registered global securities. Unless and until it is exchanged in whole for securities in definitive registered form, a registered global security may not be transferred except as a whole by and among the depositary for the registered global security, the nominees of the depositary or any successors of the depositary or those nominees.

If not described below, any specific terms of the depositary arrangement with respect to any securities to be represented by a registered global security will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to those securities. We anticipate that the following provisions will apply to all depositary arrangements.

 

Ownership of beneficial interests in a registered global security will be limited to persons, called participants, that have accounts with the depositary or persons that may hold interests through participants. Upon the issuance of a registered global security, the depositary will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the participants’ accounts with the respective principal or face amounts of the securities beneficially owned by the participants. Any dealers, underwriters or agents participating in the distribution of the securities will designate the accounts to be credited. Ownership of beneficial interests in a registered global security will be shown on, and the transfer of ownership interests will be effected only through, records maintained by the depositary, with respect to interests of participants, and on the records of participants, with respect to interests of persons holding through participants. The laws of some states may require that some purchasers of securities take physical delivery of these securities in definitive form. These laws may impair your ability to own, transfer or pledge beneficial interests in registered global securities.

 

So long as the depositary, or its nominee, is the registered owner of a registered global security, that depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the securities represented by the registered global security for all purposes under the applicable indenture, warrant agreement or unit agreement. Except as described below, owners of beneficial interests in a registered global security will not be entitled to have the securities represented by the registered global security registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of the securities in definitive form and will not be considered the owners or holders of the securities under the applicable indenture, warrant agreement or unit agreement. Accordingly, each person owning a beneficial interest in a registered global security must rely on the procedures of the depositary for that registered global security and, if that person is not a participant, on the procedures of the participant through which the person owns its interest, to exercise any rights of a holder under the applicable indenture, warrant agreement or unit agreement. We understand that under existing industry practices, if we request any action of holders or if an owner of a beneficial interest in a registered global security desires to give or take any action that a holder is entitled to give or take under the applicable indenture, warrant agreement or unit agreement, the depositary for the registered global security would authorize the participants holding the relevant beneficial interests to give or take that action, and the participants would authorize beneficial owners owning through them to give or take that action or would otherwise act upon the instructions of beneficial owners holding through them.

 

Principal, premium, if any, and interest payments on debt securities, and any payments to holders with respect to warrants or units, represented by a registered global security registered in the name of a depositary or its nominee will be made to the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered owner of the registered global security. None of Kennametal, the trustees, the warrant agents, the unit agents or any other agent of Kennametal, agent of the trustees or agent of the warrant agents or unit agents will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in the registered global security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to those beneficial ownership interests.

 

We expect that the depositary for any of the securities represented by a registered global security, upon receipt of any payment of principal, premium, interest or other distribution of underlying securities or other property to holders on that registered global security, will immediately credit participants’ accounts in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in that registered global security as shown on the records of the depositary. We also expect that payments by participants to owners of beneficial interests in a registered global security held through participants will be governed by standing customer instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with the securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in “street name,” and will be the responsibility of those participants.

 

If the depositary for any of these securities represented by a registered global security is at any time unwilling or unable to continue as depositary or ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and a successor depositary registered as a clearing agency under the Securities

Exchange Act of 1934 is not appointed by us within 90 days, we will issue securities in definitive form in exchange for the registered global security that had been held by the depositary. Any securities issued in definitive form in exchange for a registered global security will be registered in the name or names that the depositary gives to the relevant trustee, warrant agent, unit agent or other relevant agent of ours or theirs. It is expected that the depositary’s instructions will be based upon directions received by the depositary from participants with respect to ownership of beneficial interests in the registered global security that had been held by the depositary.

 

Kennametal and/or the selling securityholders, if applicable, may sell the securities in one or more of the following ways (or in any combination) from time to time:

 

 

The prospectus supplement will state the terms of the offering of the securities, including:

 

 

Any initial public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers may be changed from time to time.

 

If we and/or the selling securityholders, if applicable, use underwriters in the sale, the securities will be acquired by the underwriters for their own account and may be resold from time to time in one or more transactions, including:

 

 

Unless otherwise stated in a prospectus supplement, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase any securities will be conditioned on customary closing conditions and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of such series of securities, if any are purchased.

 

We and/or the selling securityholders, if applicable, may sell the securities through agents from time to time. The prospectus supplement will name any agent involved in the offer or sale of the securities and any commissions we pay to them. Generally, any agent will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of its appointment.

 

We and/or the selling securityholders, if applicable, may authorize underwriters, dealers or agents to solicit offers by certain purchasers to purchase the securities from Kennametal at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. The contracts will be subject only to those conditions set forth in the prospectus supplement, and the prospectus supplement will set forth any commissions we pay for solicitation of these contracts.

 

Underwriters and agents may be entitled under agreements entered into with Kennametal and/or the selling securityholders, if applicable, to indemnification by Kennametal and/or the selling securityholders, if applicable, against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribution with respect to payments which the underwriters or agents may be required to make. Underwriters and agents may

be customers of, engage in transactions with, or perform services for Kennametal and its affiliates in the ordinary course of business.

 

Each series of securities other than the Common Stock, which is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, will be a new issue of securities and will have no established trading market. Any underwriters to whom securities are sold for public offering and sale may make a market in the securities, but such underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. The securities, other than the Common Stock, may or may not be listed on a national securities exchange.

 

Kennametal files annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy any reports, statements or other information that Kennametal files at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information on the public reference rooms.

 

Kennametal’s SEC filings are also available to the public from commercial retrieval services, at the website maintained by the SEC at www.sec.gov, and on Kennametal’s website at www.kennametal.com. Reports, proxy statements and other information are also available for inspection at the offices of the New York Stock Exchange, 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005.

 

We filed a registration statement on Form S-3 to register with the SEC the Kennametal securities we may offer and sell pursuant to this prospectus. This prospectus is a part of that registration statement. As allowed by SEC rules, this prospectus does not contain all the information you can find in the registration statement or the exhibits to the registration statement. You may obtain copies of the Form S-3 and exhibits (and any amendments to those documents) in the manner described above.

 

Incorporation of SEC Filings

 

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information into this prospectus, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is deemed to be part of this prospectus, except for any information superseded by information contained directly in this prospectus or in a later filed document incorporated by reference in this prospectus. This prospectus incorporates by reference the documents set forth below that Kennametal has previously filed with the SEC. These documents contain important information about Kennametal.

 

 

We will provide to each person to whom a copy of this prospectus is delivered, including any beneficial owner, upon the written or oral request of such person, without charge, a copy of any or all of the documents that are incorporated herein by reference. Requests should be directed to: Kennametal Inc. World Headquarters, 1600 Technology Way, P.O. Box 231, Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650-0231, Attention: General Counsel, (724) 539-5000.

 

The consolidated financial statements and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (which is included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting) incorporated in this Prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2008, have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

PART II

 

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

 

The following table sets forth the costs and expenses to be borne by the Registrant in connection with the offerings described in this Registration Statement.

 

 

 

 

Chapter 17, Subchapter D of the PBCL contains provisions permitting indemnification of certain individuals by a business corporation incorporated in Pennsylvania. Section 1741 of the PBCL provides that unless otherwise restricted in its bylaws, a business corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation), by reason of the fact that such person is or was a representative of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a representative of another domestic or foreign corporation for profit or not-for-profit, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the action or proceeding if he acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such person’s conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement or conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent shall not of itself create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner that he reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.

 

Section 1742 of the PBCL further provides that unless otherwise restricted in its bylaws, a business corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party, or is threatened to be made a party, to any threatened, pending or completed action by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a representative of the corporation or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a representative of another domestic or foreign corporation for profit or not-for-profit, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of the action if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the corporation. Indemnification may not be made under this section in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which the person has been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the court of common pleas of the judicial district embracing the county in which the registered office of the corporation is located or the court in which the action was brought determines upon

application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for the expenses that the court of common pleas or other court deems proper.

 

Section 1743 of the PBCL provides that the corporation must indemnify a representative of a business corporation against expenses actually and reasonably incurred by them in defending actions contemplated by Sections 1741 and 1742 of the PBCL if the representative is successful on the merits or otherwise in the defense of such actions.

 

Section 1744 of the PBCL provides that any indemnification made under Sections 1741 or 1742, shall be made by the corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the representative is proper in the circumstances because such person has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in those sections. Such determination shall be made (i) by the board of directors by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to the action or proceeding, (ii) if such quorum is not obtainable or if obtainable and a majority vote of a quorum of disinterested directors so directs, by independent legal counsel in a written option, or (iii) by the shareholders of the corporation.

 

Section 1745 of the PBCL states that expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in defending any action or proceeding referred to in Subchapter D may be paid by a business corporation in advance of the final disposition of the action or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the representative to repay the amount if it is ultimately determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation as authorized by the PBCL or otherwise. Except as otherwise provided in the corporation’s bylaws, advancement of expenses must be authorized by the board of directors of the corporation and shall not be authorized in connection with proceedings related to transactions with interested shareholders (Sections 1728 and 2538 of the PBCL). Section 1746 of the PBCL provides that indemnification under the other sections of Subchapter D of the PBCL is not exclusive of other rights that a person seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may have under any bylaw, agreement, vote of shareholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify the person under any other provision of law. However, Section 1746 prohibits indemnification in circumstances where the act or failure to act giving rise to the claim for indemnification is determined by a court to have constituted willful misconduct or recklessness.

 

Section 1747 of the PBCL permits a corporation to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a representative of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a representative of another enterprise, against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by him or her in that capacity, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify the person against such liability under Subchapter D of the PBCL.

 

Kennametal’s Bylaws provide that it is obligated to indemnify directors and officers and other persons designated by the Board of Directors against any liability, including attorneys’ fees, and any liability and loss, including judgment, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement incurred in connection with any proceeding. The Bylaws provide that no indemnification shall be made where the act or failure to act giving rise to the claim for indemnification is determined by a court to have constituted willful misconduct or recklessness or where the proceeding has been initiated by an indemnified person and was not pre-authorized by the Board of Directors (except in the case where the person is bringing suit against the Company to enforce the indemnification). The Bylaws provide that to the extent required by law, the payment of such expenses incurred by an officer or director in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding may only be made upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such person, to repay all amounts so advanced if it is ultimately determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified. The Bylaws also state that the right to indemnification including the right to advancement of expenses is a contract right which will continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer or trustee, and inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such person.

 

As permitted by PBCL Section 1713, Kennametal’s Bylaws provide that directors generally will not be liable for monetary damages for any action taken or failure to take any action unless the director has breached

or failed to perform their duties as fiduciaries (the standard of care established by the PBCL), and such failure constitutes self-dealing, willful misconduct or recklessness.

 

The following documents are exhibits to the Registration Statement:

 

 

 

 

 

The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:

 

(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

 

(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

 

(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement;

 

(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

 

provided, however, That paragraphs (i), (ii) and (iii) above do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

 

(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered herein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

 

(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:

 

(A) Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

 

(B) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser

with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

 

(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities:

 

The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

 

(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

 

(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

 

(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

 

(iv) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

 

The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of Section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission under Section 305(b)(2) of the Act.

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Latrobe, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, on July 8, 2009.

 

KENNAMETAL INC.

 

Carlos M. Cardoso

Chairman of the Board, President, Chief

Executive Officer and Director

 

POWER OF ATTORNEY

 

Each of the undersigned directors and officers of Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation, do hereby constitute and appoint Carlos M. Cardoso, Frank P. Simpkins, Lawrence J. Lanza, and David W. Greenfield, or any one of them, the undersigned’s true and lawful attorneys and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution in each, to do any and all acts and things in our name and on our behalf in our respective capacities as directors and officers and to execute any and all instruments for us and in our names in the capacities indicated below, which said attorneys and agents, or either one of them, may deem necessary or advisable to enable said corporation to comply with the Securities Act, as amended, and any rules, regulations and requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, in connection with this registration statement, including specifically, but without limitation, power and authority to sign for us or any of us in our names in the capacities indicated below, any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments, whether pursuant to Rule 462(b) or otherwise) hereto, and each of the undersigned does hereby ratify and confirm all that said attorneys and agents, or either one of them or any substitute, shall do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. This Power of Attorney may be executed in any number of counterparts.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed below as of July 8, 2009 by the following persons in the capacities indicated:

 

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

 

 

Exhibit 4.5

KENNAMETAL INC.,
AS ISSUER

TO

,
AS TRUSTEE

Form of
Senior Debt
Indenture

DATED AS OF           , 20     

KENNAMETAL INC.

RECONCILIATION AND TIE BETWEEN TRUST
INDENTURE ACT OF 1939, AS AMENDED
AND INDENTURE, DATED AS OF           , 20     

TRUST INDENTURE
ACT SECTION				INDENTURE SECTION
Section 310		(a)(1)		6.9
		(a)(2)		6.9
		(a)(3)		Not Applicable
		(a)(4)		Not Applicable
		(b)		6.8, 6.10
Section 311		(a)		6.13
		(b)		6.13
Section 312		(a)		7.1, 7.2 (a)
		(b)		7.2 (b)
		(c)		7.2 (c)
Section 313		(a)		7.3 (a)
		(b)		Not Applicable
		(c)		7.3 (a), 7.3 (b)
		(d)		7.3 (b)
Section 314		(a)		7.4
		(b)		Not Applicable
		(c)(1)		1.2
		(c)(2)		1.2
		(c)(3)		Not Applicable
		(d)		Not Applicable
		(e)		1.2
Section 315		(a)		6.1 (a)
		(b)		6.2
		(c)		6.1 (b)
		(d)		6.1 (c)
		(d)(1)		6.1 (a), 6.1 (c)
		(d)(2)		6.1 (c)
		(d)(3)		6.1 (c)
		(e)		5.14
Section 316		(a)(1)(A)		5.12
		(a)(1)(B)		5.2, 5.13
		(a)(2)		Not Applicable
		(b)		5.8
Section 317		(a)(1)		5.3
		(a)(2)		5.4
		(b)		10.9
Section 318		(a)		1.7

NOTE: THIS RECONCILIATION AND TIE SHALL NOT, FOR ANY PURPOSE, BE DEEMED TO BE A PART OF THIS INDENTURE.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION			1
§ 1.1. Definitions			1
Act			2
Affiliate			2
Authenticating Agent			2
Bankruptcy Law			2
Board of Directors			2
Board Resolution			2
Business Day			2
Capitalized Lease Obligation			2
Capital Stock			3
Commission			3
Common Depositary			3
Company			3
Company Request			3
Company Order			3
Corporate Trust Office			3
Covenant Defeasance			3
Currency Agreement			3
Custodian			3
Default			4
Defaulted Interest			4
Defeasance			4
Dollars			4
Event of Default			4
Exchange Act			4
GAAP			4
Holder			4
Security holder			4
Indebtedness			4
Indenture			5
Interest			5
Interest Payment Date			5
Interest Swap Obligations			5
Lien			5
Maturity			5
Officer			5
Officer’s Certificate			5
Original Issue Discount Security			6
Outstanding			6

		Page
Paying Agent			6
Person			6
Place of Payment			7
Redemption Date			7
Redemption Price			7
Registered Security			7
Regular Record Date			7
Responsible Officer			7
Securities			7
Significant Subsidiary			7
Special Record Date			7
Stated Maturity			7
Subsidiary			8
Trust Indenture Act			8
Trustee			8
U.S. Depositary			8
U.S. Government Obligations			8
Vice President			9
§ 1.2. Compliance Certificates and Opinions			9
§ 1.3. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee			9
§ 1.4. Acts of Holders			10
§ 1.5. Notices, Etc., to Trustee and Company			11
§ 1.6. Notice to Holders; Waiver			11
§ 1.7. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act			12
§ 1.8. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents			12
§ 1.9. Successors and Assigns			12
§ 1.10. Separability Clause			12
§ 1.11. Benefits of Indenture			13
§ 1.12. Governing Law			13
§ 1.13. Legal Holidays			13
§ 1.14. No Recourse Against Others			13
ARTICLE 2 SECURITY FORMS			13
§ 2.1. Forms Generally			13
§ 2.2. Form of Face of Security			14
§ 2.3. Form of Reverse of Security			16
§ 2.4. Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication			21
§ 2.5. Securities in Global Form			22
§ 2.6. CUSIP Number			22
§ 2.7. Form of Legend for the Securities in Global Form			23
ARTICLE 3 THE SECURITIES			23
§ 3.1. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series			23
§ 3.2. Denominations			25

		Page
§ 3.3. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating			26
§ 3.4. Temporary Securities			28
§ 3.5. Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange			28
§ 3.6. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities			30
§ 3.7. Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved			31
§ 3.8. Persons Deemed Owners			32
§ 3.9. Cancellation			33
§ 3.10. Computation of Interest			33
ARTICLE 4 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE			33
§ 4.1. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture			33
§ 4.2. Application of Trust Money			34
ARTICLE 5 REMEDIES			35
§ 5.1. Events of Default			35
§ 5.2. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment			37
§ 5.3. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee			37
§ 5.4. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim			38
§ 5.5. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities			39
§ 5.6. Application of Money Collected			39
§ 5.7. Limitation on Suits			40
§ 5.8. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium and Interest			40
§ 5.9. Restoration of Rights and Remedies			41
§ 5.10. Rights and Remedies Cumulative			41
§ 5.11. Delay or Omission Not Waiver			41
§ 5.12. Control by Holders			41
§ 5.13. Waiver of Past Defaults			42
§ 5.14. Undertaking for Costs			42
ARTICLE 6 THE TRUSTEE			42
§ 6.1. Certain Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustee			43
§ 6.2. Notice of Defaults			43
§ 6.3. Certain Rights of Trustee			43
§ 6.4. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities			45
§ 6.5. May Hold Securities			45
§ 6.6. Money Held in Trust			45
§ 6.7. Compensation and Reimbursement			45
§ 6.8. Disqualification; Conflicting Interests			46
§ 6.9. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility			46
§ 6.10. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor			46
§ 6.11. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor or Additional Trustees			48
§ 6.12. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business			49
§ 6.13. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company			49
§ 6.14. Appointment of Authenticating Agent			49

		Page
ARTICLE 7 HOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY			52
§ 7.1. Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders			52
§ 7.2. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders			52
§ 7.3. Reports by Trustee			53
§ 7.4. Reports by Company			53
ARTICLE 8 CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, LEASE, SALE OR TRANSFER			54
§ 8.1. When Company May Merge, Etc			54
§ 8.2. Opinion of Counsel			55
§ 8.3. Successor Corporation Substituted			55
ARTICLE 9 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES			55
§ 9.1. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders			55
§ 9.2. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders			57
§ 9.3. Execution of Supplemental Indentures			58
§ 9.4. Effect of Supplemental Indentures			58
§ 9.5. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act			58
§ 9.6. Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures			58
ARTICLE 10 COVENANTS			59
§ 10.1. Payments of Securities			59
§ 10.2. Maintenance of Office or Agency			59
§ 10.3. Corporate Existence			59
§ 10.4. Payment of Taxes and Other Claims			60
§ 10.5. Compliance Certificates			60
§ 10.6. Commission Reports			60
§ 10.7. Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws			61
§ 10.8. Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust			61
ARTICLE 11 REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES			62
§ 11.1. Applicability of Article			62
§ 11.2. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee			63
§ 11.3. Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed			63
§ 11.4. Notice of Redemption			63
§ 11.5. Deposit of Redemption Price			64
§ 11.6. Securities Payable on Redemption Date			64
§ 11.7. Securities Redeemed in Part			65
ARTICLE 12 SINKING FUNDS			65
§ 12.1. Applicability of Article			65
§ 12.2. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities			66

		Page
§ 12.3. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund			66
ARTICLE 13 DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE			66
§ 13.1. Applicability of Article; Company’s Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance			66
§ 13.2. Defeasance and Discharge			67
§ 13.3. Covenant Defeasance			67
§ 13.4. Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance			68
§ 13.5. Deposited Money and Government Obligations To Be Held In Trust			69
ARTICLE 14 MISCELLANEOUS			70
§ 14.1. Miscellaneous			70

     Senior Debt Indenture (the “Indenture”), dated as of           , 20     , between KENNAMETAL INC., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (herein called the “Company”), having its principal office at World Headquarters, 1600 Technology Way, P.O. Box 231, Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650-0231 and                                         , a                      banking corporation as Trustee (herein called the “Trustee”).

RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

     The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness (herein called the “Securities”), to be issued in one or more series as in this Indenture provided.

     All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

     NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

     For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of any series thereof, as follows:

ARTICLE 1

DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS
OF GENERAL APPLICATION

§ 1.

     § 1.1. Definitions.

     For all purposes of this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

          (1) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article and include the plural as well as the singular;

          (2) all other terms used herein which are defined in the Trust Indenture Act, either directly or by reference therein, have the meanings assigned to them therein;

          (3) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with GAAP;

          (4) the word “Including” (and with the correlative meaning “Include”) means including, without limiting the generality of, any description following such term; and

          (5) the words “Herein,” “Hereof” and “Hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.

     Certain terms, used principally in Article Six, are defined in that Article.

     “Act,” when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in Section 1.4.

     “Affiliate” means another Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such first Person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”), as applied to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of that Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities or by contract or otherwise.

     “Authenticating Agent” means any Person authorized by the Trustee to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities.

     “Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11, U.S. Code or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

     “Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company; provided, however, that when the context refers to actions or resolutions of the Board of Directors, then the term “Board of Directors” shall also mean any duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors of the Company or Officer authorized to act with respect to any particular matter to exercise the power of the Board of Directors of the Company.

     “Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

     “Business Day,” when used with respect to any Place of Payment, means each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in that Place of Payment are authorized or obligated by law or regulation to close.

     “Capitalized Lease Obligation” means an obligation that is required to be classified and accounted for as a capitalized

lease for financial reporting purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and the amount of Indebtedness represented by such obligation shall be the capitalized amount of such obligation determined in accordance with such principles; and the Stated Maturity thereof shall be the date of the last payment of rent or any other amount due under such lease prior to the first date upon which such lease may be terminated by the lessee without payment of a penalty.

     “Capital Stock” of any Person shall mean any and all shares, interests, participations or other equivalents of or interests in (however designated) equity of such Person, including any preferred stock, but excluding any debt securities convertible into such equity.

     “Commission” means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if at any time after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time.

     “Common Depositary” has the meaning specified in Section 3.4.

     “Company” means the Person named as the “Company” in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor corporation shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Company” shall mean such successor corporation.

     “Company Request” or “Company Order” means a written request or order signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its President or a Vice President, and by its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, its Controller, an Assistant Controller, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee.

     “Corporate Trust Office” means the principal corporate trust office of the Trustee at which, at any particular time, its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the date hereof is located at                                         , New York, New York.

     “Covenant Defeasance” has the meaning specified in Section 13.3.

     “Currency Agreement” shall mean any foreign exchange contract, currency swap agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries against fluctuations in currency values.

     “Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

     “Default” means any event which is, or after notice or passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.

     “Defaulted Interest” has the meaning specified in Section 3.7.

     “Defeasance” has the meaning specified in Section 13.2.

     “Dollars” and “$” means lawful money of the United States of America.

     “Event of Default” has the meaning specified in Section 5.1.

     “Exchange Act” means the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

     “GAAP” means such accounting principles that are generally accepted in the United States of America as of the date of any computation required hereunder.

     “Holder” or “Security holder” means a Person in whose name a Security is registered in the Security Register.

     “Indebtedness” means, with respect to any Person, at any date, any of the following, without duplication, (i) any liability, contingent or otherwise, of such Person (A) for borrowed money (whether or not the recourse of the lender is to the whole of the assets of such Person or only to a portion thereof), (B) evidenced by a note, bond, debenture or similar instrument or (C) for the payment of money relating to a Capitalized Lease Obligation or other obligation (whether issued or assumed) relating to the deferred purchase price of property; (ii) all conditional sale obligations and all obligations under any title retention agreement (even if the rights and remedies of the seller under such agreement in the event of default are limited to repossession or sale of such property), but excluding trade accounts payable arising in the ordinary course of business; (iii) all obligations for the reimbursement of any obligor on any letter of credit, banker’s acceptance or similar credit transaction other than entered into in the ordinary course of business; (iv) all indebtedness of others secured by (or for which the holder of such indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien on any asset or property (including, without limitation, leasehold interests and any other tangible or intangible property) of such Person, whether or not such indebtedness is assumed by such Person or is not otherwise such Person’s legal liability; provided, that if the obligations so secured have not been assumed in full by such Person or are otherwise not such Person’s legal liability in full, the amount of such indebtedness for the purposes of this definition shall be limited to the lesser of the amount of such indebtedness secured by such Lien; (v) all indebtedness of others

(including all interest and dividends on any Indebtedness or preferred stock of any other Person for the payment of which is) guaranteed, directly or indirectly, by such Person or that is otherwise its legal liability or which such Person has agreed contingently to supply or advance funds; and (vi) obligations in respect of Currency Agreements and Interest Swap Obligations.

     “Indenture” means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities established as contemplated by Section 3.1.

     “Interest,” when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount Security which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, means interest payable after Maturity.

     “Interest Payment Date,” when used with respect to any Security, means the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.

     “Interest Swap Obligations” shall mean the obligations of any Person pursuant to any interest rate swap agreement, interest rate collar agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person or any of its Subsidiaries against fluctuations in interest rates.

     “Lien” shall mean any mortgage, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, lien, charge or adverse claim affecting title or resulting in an encumbrance against real or personal property or a security interest of any kind (including, without limitation, any conditional sale or other title retention agreement or lease in the nature thereof other than a lease which is not a Capitalized Lease Obligation.)

     “Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.

     “Officer” means the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman of the Board, the President, any Senior or Executive Vice President, any Vice President, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Controller, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Company.

     “Officer’s Certificate” means a certificate signed by an Officer and delivered to the Trustee.

     “Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion of counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel for the Company, and who shall be reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.

     “Original Issue Discount Security” means any Security which provides for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 5.2.

     “Outstanding,” when used with respect to Securities or Securities of any series, means, as of the date of determination, all such Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, except: (i) Securities theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; (ii) Securities, or portions thereof, for whose payment or redemption money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of such Securities; provided that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made; (iii) Securities which have been paid pursuant to Section 3.6 or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any such Securities in respect of which there shall have been presented to the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose hands such Securities are valid obligations of the Company; and (iv) Securities which have been defeased pursuant to Section 13.2; provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of the Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, (a) the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security that shall be deemed to be Outstanding for such purposes shall be that portion of the principal amount thereof that could be declared to be due and payable upon the occurrence of an Event of Default and the continuation thereof pursuant to the terms of such Original Issue Discount Security as of the date of such determination and (b) Securities owned by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Securities which the Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor.

     “Paying Agent” means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any Securities on behalf of the Company. The Company may act as Paying Agent with respect to any Securities issued hereunder.

     “Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust,

unincorporated organization, government or any agency or political subdivision thereof, or any other entity.

     “Place of Payment,” when used with respect to the Securities of any series, means the place or places where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities of that series are payable as specified as contemplated by Section 3.1.

     “Redemption Date,” when used with respect to any Security of any series to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Indenture.

     “Redemption Price,” when used with respect to any Security of any series to be redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Indenture.

     “Registered Security” means any Security issued hereunder and registered in the Security Register.

     “Regular Record Date” for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date on the Securities of any series means the date specified for that purpose as contemplated by Section 3.1.

     “Responsible Officer,” when used with respect to the Trustee, means any officer of the Trustee in its Corporate Trust Office and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.

     “Securities” has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

     “Security Register” and “Security Registrar” have the respective meanings specified in Section 3.5.

     “Significant Subsidiary” means a Subsidiary or Subsidiaries of the Company possessing assets (including the assets of its own Subsidiaries but without regard to the Company or any other Subsidiary) having a book value, in the aggregate, equal to not less than 10% of the book value of the aggregate assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries calculated on a consolidated basis.

     “Special Record Date” for the payment of any Defaulted Interest means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 3.7.

     “Stated Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date

specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and payable.

     “Subsidiary” of any Person means (i) any Person of which more than 50% of the total voting power of shares of capital stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by any Person or one or more of the Restricted Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination thereof, and (ii) any partnership, joint venture or other Person in which such Person or one or more of the Restricted Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination thereof has the power to control by contract or otherwise the board of directors or equivalent governing body or otherwise controls such entity.

     “Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, as in force at the date as of which this Indenture was executed; provided, however, that in the event that such Act is amended after such date, “Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as so amended.

     “Trustee” means the Person named as the “Trustee” in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, “Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series.

     “U.S. Depositary” means, with respect to the Securities of any series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more permanent global Securities, the Person designated as U.S. Depositary by the Company pursuant to Section 3.1, which must be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act until a successor U.S. Depositary shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “U.S. Depositary” shall mean or include each Person who is then a U.S. Depositary hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, “U.S. Depositary” shall mean the U.S. Depositary with respect to the Securities of that series.

     “U.S. Government Obligations” means securities which are (i) direct obligations of the United States of America for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America which, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof or otherwise subject to prepayment, and shall also include a depository receipt issued by a New York Clearing House bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such U.S. Government Obligation or a specific payment or interest on or principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depository receipt, provided that

(except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt or from any amount held by the custodian in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of the U.S. Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.

     “Vice President,” when used with respect to the Company or the Trustee, means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a word or words added before or after the title “vice president”.

     § 1.2. Compliance Certificates and Opinions.

     Upon any application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any provision of this Indenture, other than an action permitted by Sections 2.5 and 7.4 hereof, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.

     Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include:

          (a) a statement that each individual signing such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating thereto;

          (b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

          (c) a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

          (d) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

     § 1.3. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee.

     In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to

some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

     Any certificate or opinion of an Officer may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such Officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an Officer or Officers of the Company stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous.

     Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.

     § 1.4. Acts of Holders.

          (a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by agents duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the “Act” of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 6.1) conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section.

          (b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such execution is by a signer acting in a capacity other than his individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of his authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any other manner which the Trustee deems sufficient.

          (c) The ownership of Registered Securities shall be proved by the Security Register.

          (d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustee or the Company in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Security.

          (e) If the Company shall solicit from the Holders any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, the Company may, at its option, by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, fix in advance a record date for the determination of Holders entitled to give such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, but the Company shall have no obligation to do so. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act may be given before or after such record date, but only the Holders of record at the close of business on such record date shall be deemed to be Holders for the purposes of determining whether Holders of the requisite proportion of Outstanding Securities have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, and for that purpose the Outstanding Securities shall be computed as of such record date; provided that no such authorization, agreement or consent by the Holders on such record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture not later than six months after the record date.

     § 1.5. Notices, Etc., to Trustee and Company.

     Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with,

          (a) the Trustee by any Holder or by the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing to or with the Trustee and received by the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration, or

          (b) the Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to the Company addressed to it at the address of its principal office specified in the first paragraph of this Indenture, attention: Secretary, or at any other address previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company.

     § 1.6. Notice to Holders; Waiver.

     Where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice shall be deemed sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein or in such Security expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder affected by such event, at his address as it appears in the Security Register, not later than the latest date, and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of

such notice. In any case where notice to Holders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders or the validity of the proceedings to which such notice relates. Where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.

     In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail, then such notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder.

     Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver required or permitted under this Indenture shall be in the English language, except that any published notice may be in an official language of the country of publication.

     § 1.7. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act.

     If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision hereof which is required to be included in this Indenture by any of the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act, such required provision shall control. If any provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the Trust Indenture Act that may be so modified or excluded, the latter provision shall be deemed to apply to this Indenture as so modified or shall be excluded, as the case may be.

     § 1.8. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents.

     The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

     § 1.9. Successors and Assigns.

     All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.

     § 1.10. Separability Clause.

     In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

     § 1.11. Benefits of Indenture.

     Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder and the Holders, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.

     § 1.12. Governing Law.

     This Indenture and the Securities shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws (other than the choice of law provisions) of the State of New York.

     § 1.13. Legal Holidays.

     In any case where any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity of any Security shall not be a Business Day at any Place of Payment, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or of the Securities) payment of interest or principal (and premium, if any) need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day or on such other day as may be set out in the Officer’s Certificate pursuant to Section 3.1 at such Place of Payment with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date or Redemption Date, or at the Stated Maturity, provided that no interest shall accrue for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity, as the case may be.

     § 1.14. No Recourse Against Others.

     A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities or this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Security holder, by accepting a Security, waives and releases all such liability. Such waivers and releases are part of the consideration for the issuance of the Securities.

ARTICLE 2

SECURITY FORMS

§ 2

     § 2.1. Forms Generally.

     The Securities of each series shall be in substantially the form set forth in this Article, or in such other form as shall be established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and

such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any securities exchange or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the Officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of the Securities. If the form of Securities of any series is established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company Order contemplated by Section 3.3 for the authentication and delivery of such Securities.

     The Trustee’s certificates of authentication shall be in substantially the form set forth in this Article.

     The definitive Securities shall be photocopied, printed, lithographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the Officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities.

     § 2.2. Form of Face of Security.

     (If the Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert—FOR PURPOSES OF SECTION 1272 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE “CODE”), THE AMOUNT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 1273 (a) (1) OF THE CODE AND TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 1.1273-l(a) WITH RESPECT TO THIS SECURITY IS                     , THE ISSUE PRICE (AS DEFINED IN TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 1.1273-2) OF THIS SECURITY IS                     , THE ISSUE DATE (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 1275(a)(2) OF THE CODE AND TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 1.1273-2) OF THIS SECURITY IS                      AND THE YIELD TO MATURITY OF THIS SECURITY IS                     ).

Kennametal Inc.

                                        

No.		($)

     Kennametal Inc., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (herein called the “Company,” which term includes any successor corporation under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to      , or registered assigns, the principal sum of $                     on                     . (If the Security is to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert —, and to pay interest thereon from                                          or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, (semi-annually) (quarterly) (monthly) in arrears on                      and in each year, commencing                     _, at the rate of                     % per annum, until the principal hereof is paid or made available for payment (If applicable insert—, and (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable) at the rate of                     % per annum on any overdue principal and premium and on any overdue installment of interest). The interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date will, as provided in such Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, which shall be the                      of (whether or not a Business Day), as the case maybe, next preceding such Interest Payment Date. Any such interest not so punctually paid or duly provided for will forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on such Regular Record Date and may either be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of Securities of this series not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date, or be paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Securities of this series may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, all as more fully provided in said Indenture.)

     (If the Security is not to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert—The principal of this Security shall not bear interest except in the case of a default in payment of principal upon acceleration, upon redemption or at Stated Maturity and in such case the overdue principal of this Security shall bear interest at the rate of                     % per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), which shall accrue from the date of such default in payment to the date payment of such principal has been made or duly provided for. Interest on any overdue principal shall be payable on demand. Any such interest on any overdue principal that is not so paid on demand shall bear interest at the rate of                     % per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), which shall accrue from the date of such demand for payment to the date payment of such interest has been made or duly provided for, and such interest shall also be payable on demand.)

     Payment of the principal of, and premium, if any, and (if applicable, insert—any such) interest on this Security will be made at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose in                     , in Dollars (if applicable, insert—; provided, however, that at the option of the Company payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register).

     Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Security set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

     Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof by manual signature, this Security shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed under its corporate seal.

Dated:						Kennametal Inc.
						By:
Attest:
								(SEAL)

     § 2.3. Form of Reverse of Security.

     This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Company (herein called the “Securities”), issued and to be issued in one or more series under an Indenture, dated as of                     , 20      (herein called the “Indenture”), between the Company and                                          (herein called the “Trustee,” which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. This Security is one of the series designated on the face hereof (limited in aggregate principal amount to $                    ). (If applicable, insert—The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than 30 nor more than 45 days’ notice by first class mail, (if applicable, insert—(1) on                      in any year commencing with the year                      and ending with the year                      through operation of the sinking fund for this series at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the principal amount, and (2)) at any time (on or after                     ,), as a whole or in part, at the election

of the Company, at the following Redemption Prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount):

     If redeemed (on or before                     ,                     %, and if redeemed) during the 12-month period beginning                      of the years indicated, Year                      Redemption Price                       Year                      Redemption Price and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to                      of the principal amount, together in the case of any such redemption (if applicable, insert — (whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise)) with accrued and unpaid interest to the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.)

     (If applicable, insert — The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than 30 nor more than 45 days’ notice by first class mail, (1) on                      in any year commencing with the year                      and ending with the year through operation of the sinking fund for this series at the Redemption Prices for redemption through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below, and (2) at any time (on or after                     ), as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the Redemption Prices for redemption otherwise than through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below:

     If redeemed during a 12-month period beginning                      of the years indicated, Redemption Price for Redemption Price for Redemption Through Redemption Otherwise Operation of the Than Through Operation Year Sinking Fund of the Sinking Fund and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to                      % of the principal amount, together in the case of any such redemption (whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise) with accrued and unpaid interest to the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.)

     (Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may not, prior to                      redeem any Securities of this series as contemplated by (clause (2) of) the preceding paragraph as a part of, or in anticipation of, any refunding operation by the application, directly or indirectly, of moneys borrowed having an interest cost to the Company (calculated in accordance with generally accepted financial practice) of less than                     % per annum.)

     (The sinking fund for this series provides for the redemption on in each year beginning with the year                      and ending with the year                      of (not less than) $                      ((“mandatory sinking fund”) and not more than $ aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series.) (Securities of this series acquired or redeemed by the Company otherwise than through (mandatory) sinking fund payments may be credited

against subsequent (mandatory) sinking fund payments otherwise required to be made—in the (inverse) order in which they become due.)

     (In the event of redemption of this Security in part only a new Security or Securities of this series for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof.)

     (If the Security is not an Original Issue Discount Security, insert — If any Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing, the principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture.) (If the Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert — If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing, an amount of principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture. Such amount shall be equal — insert formula for determining the amount.) Upon payment (i) of the amount of principal so declared due and payable and (ii) of interest on any overdue principal and overdue interest (in each case to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), all of the Company’s obligations in respect of the payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of this series shall terminate.

     This Security is a senior unsecured obligation of the Company and will rank pari passu in right of payment with all other senior unsecured obligations of the Company.

     This Security is subject to Defeasance as described in the Indenture. The Indenture may be modified by the Company and the Trustee without consent of any Holder with respect to certain matters as described in the Indenture. In addition, the Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Company and the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each series to be affected under the Indenture at any time by the Company and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities at the time Outstanding of each series to be affected. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of each series at the time Outstanding, on behalf of the Holders of all Securities of such series, to waive compliance by the Company with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Security shall bind such Holder and all future Holders of this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange hereof or in lieu hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security.

     No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on this Security at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed.

     As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this Security is registrable in the Security Register, upon surrender of this Security for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company in any place where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on this Security are payable, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed by the Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities of this series, of authorized denominations and for the same Stated Maturity and aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees.

     The Securities of this series are issuable only in registered form without coupons in denominations of ($1,000) and any integral multiple thereof. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Securities of this series are exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series of a different authorized denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same.

     No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith.

     Prior to due presentment of this Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

     The Indenture imposes certain limitations on the ability of the Company to, among other things, merge or consolidate with any other Person or sell, assign, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties or assets (If other covenants are applicable pursuant to the provisions of Section 3.1, insert here). All such covenants and limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions. The Company must report periodically to the Trustee on compliance with the covenants in the Indenture.

     A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under this Security or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each Holder, by accepting a Security, waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issuance of this Security.

     (If applicable, insert — Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures (“CUSIP”), the Company has caused CUSIP numbers to be printed on the Securities of this series as a convenience to the Holders of the Securities of this series. No representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of such numbers as printed on the Securities of this series and reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed hereon.)

     All capitalized terms used in this Security without definition which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

ASSIGNMENT FORM

     To assign this Security, fill in the form below: (I) or (we) assign and transfer this Security to

(Insert assignee’s social security or tax I.D. number)

(Print or type assignee’s name, address and zip code)

and irrevocably appoint

agent to transfer this Security on the books of the Company. The agent may substitute another to act for him.

Dated:		Your Signature:		(Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of this Security)

Signature Guaranty:
		(Signatures must be guaranteed by an “eligible guarantor institution” meeting the requirements of the Transfer Agent, which requirements will include membership or participation in STAMP or such other “signature guarantee program” as may be determined by the Transfer Agent in addition to, or in substitution for, STAMP all in accordance with the Exchange Act.)

Social Security Number or Taxpayer Identification Number:                                         

     § 2.4. Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication.

     This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

				as Trustee
		By:
				Authorized Signature

     § 2.5. Securities in Global Form.

     If Securities of a series are issuable in global form, as contemplated by Section 3.1, then, notwithstanding the provisions of Section 3.2, any such Security shall represent such of the Outstanding Securities of such series as shall be specified therein and may provide that it shall represent the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities from time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities represented thereby may from time to time be reduced to reflect exchanges. Any endorsement of a Security in global form to reflect the amount, or any increase or decrease in the amount, of Outstanding Securities represented thereby shall be made in such manner and upon instructions given by such Person or Persons as shall be specified therein or in the Company Order to be delivered to the Trustee pursuant to Section 3.3 or Section 3.4. Subject to the provisions of Section 3.3 and, if applicable, Section 3.4, the Trustee shall deliver and redeliver any Security in permanent global form in the manner and upon instructions given by the Person or Persons specified therein or in the applicable Company Order. If a Company Order pursuant to Section 3.3 or 3.4 has been, or simultaneously is, delivered, any instructions by the Company with respect to endorsement or delivery or redelivery of a Security in global form shall be in writing but need not comply with Section 1.2 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel.

     The provisions of Section 3.9 shall apply to any Security represented by a Security in global form if such Security was never issued and sold by the Company and the Company delivers to the Trustee the Security in global form together with written instructions (which need not comply with Section 1.2 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) with regard to the reduction in the principal amount of Securities represented thereby.

     Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 2.1 and 3.7, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1, payment of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on any Security in permanent global form shall be made to the Person or Persons specified therein.

     Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 3.8 and except as provided in the preceding paragraph, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company and the Trustee shall treat a Person as the Holder of such principal amount of Outstanding Securities represented by a permanent global Security as shall be specified in a written statement of the Holder of such permanent global Security.

     § 2.6. CUSIP Number.

     The Company in issuing Securities of any series may use a “CUSIP” number, and, if so, the Trustee may use the CUSIP number in notices of redemption or exchange as a convenience to Holders of such series; provided, that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP number printed on the notice or on the Securities of such series, and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not

be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company will promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the CUSIP number of any series of Securities.

     § 2.7. Form of Legend for the Securities in Global Form.

     Any Security in global form authenticated and delivered hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

     “This Security is in global form within the meaning of the Indenture hereinafter referred to and is registered in the name of a Common Depositary or a U.S. Depositary. Unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for Securities in certificated form, this Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the Common Depositary or a U.S. Depositary or by a nominee of the Common Depositary or a nominee of the U.S. Depositary as the case may be.”

ARTICLE 3

THE SECURITIES

§ 3.

     § 3.1. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series.

     The aggregate principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.

     The Securities may be issued from time to time in one or more series. There shall be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer’s Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance of Securities of any series:

          (1) the title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from all other Securities);

          (2) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the series which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the series pursuant to Sections 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 9.6 or 11.7);

          (3) whether any Securities of the series are to be issuable in permanent global form with or without coupons and, if so, (i) whether beneficial owners of interests in any such permanent global security may exchange such interests for Securities of such series and of like tenor of any authorized form and denomination and the circumstances under which any such exchanges may occur, if other than in the manner provided in Section 3.5, and (ii) the name of the Common Depositary (as defined in Section 3.4) or the U.S. Depositary, as the case may be, with respect to any global security;

          (4) the date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the series is payable;

          (5) the rate or rates at which the Securities of the series shall bear interest (including reset rates, if any, and the method by which such rate will be determined), if any, the date or dates from which such interest shall accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which such interest shall be payable and the Regular Record Date for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date and, if applicable to such series of Securities, the basis points and United States Treasury rate(s) and any other rates or other methods to be used in calculating the reset rate;

          (6) the place or places where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on Securities of the series shall be payable and where the Company will maintain an office or agency where Securities may be presented for registration of transfer or exchange and the place or places where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of Securities and the Indenture may be made;

          (7) the right of the Company, if any, to defer any payment of principal of, premium, or interest on the Securities of the series, and the maximum length of any such deferral period which shall not exceed the Stated Maturity for the final installment of principal on the Securities of such series;

          (8) the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which the currency or currency units and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company, pursuant to any sinking fund or otherwise;

          (9) the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase Securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which, the currency or currency units and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation, and, where applicable, the obligation of the Company to select the Securities to be redeemed;

          (10) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which Securities of the series shall be issuable;

          (11) if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 5.2;

          (12) any additions, modifications or deletions in the Events of Default with respect to Securities of the series, if any, other than those set forth herein;

          (13) if either or both of Section 13.2 and Section 13.3 shall be inapplicable to the Securities of the series (provided that if no such inapplicability shall

be specified, then both Section 13.2 and Section 13.3 shall be applicable to the Securities of the series);

          (14) if other than U.S. dollars, the currency or currencies or units based on or related to currencies in which the Securities of such series shall be denominated and in which payments or principal of, and any premium and interest on, such Securities shall or may by payable;

          (15) additions, modifications or deletions of the Company’s covenants with respect to Securities of the series, if any, other than those set forth herein;

          (16) any index or indices used to determine the amount of payments of principal of any premium, if any, on such securities and the manner in which such amounts will be determined;

          (17) if other than the Trustee, the identity of the Registrar and any Paying Agent;

          (18) the appointment of a Person as a Trustee which meets the requirements of Section 6.9 with respect to Securities of the series;

          (19) any index or indices used to determine the amounts of payments of principal of an premium, if any, on the Securities and the manner in which such amounts will be determined;

          (20) the terms and conditions of any obligation or right of the Company or a Holder to exchange or convert Securities into other securities;

          (21) any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture).

     All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to such Board Resolution and set forth in such Officer’s Certificate or in any such Indenture supplemental hereto.

     If any of the terms of the series are established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officer’s Certificate setting forth, or providing the manner for determining, the terms of the Securities of such series.

     § 3.2. Denominations.

     The Securities of each series shall be issuable in registered form without coupons in such denominations as shall be specified as contemplated by Section 3.1. In the absence of any such provisions with respect to the Securities of any series, the Securities

of such series shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof.

     § 3.3. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating.

     The Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its Vice Chairman of the Board, its President or one of its Vice Presidents, under its corporate seal reproduced thereon attested by its Secretary or one of its Assistant Secretaries. The signature of any of these officers on the Securities may be manual or facsimile. The seal of the Company may be in the form of a facsimile thereof and may be impressed, affixed, imprinted or otherwise reproduced on the Securities. Typographical and other minor errors or defects in any such reproduction of the seal or any such signature shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any security that has been duly authenticated and delivered by the Trustee.

     Securities bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or did not hold such offices at the date of such Securities.

     At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Securities, and the Trustee in accordance with the Company Order shall authenticate and make such Securities available for delivery. If the form or terms of the Securities of the series have been established in or pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions as permitted by Sections 2.1 and 3.1, in authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Sections 315(a) through (d) of the Trust Indenture Act) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating,

          (a) if the form of such Securities has been established by or pursuant to Board Resolution as permitted by Section 2.1, that such form has been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;

          (b) if the terms of such Securities have been established by or pursuant to Board Resolution as permitted by Section 3.1, that such terms have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;

          (c) that such Securities, when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, enforceable in accordance with their terms, except to the extent enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and by the

effect of general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law); and

          (d) that no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or any governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company is required for the execution and delivery of such Securities by the Company, except such as have been obtained (except that no opinion need be expressed as to state securities or Blue Sky laws).

     If such form or terms have been so established, the Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if the issue of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner which is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee, or in the written opinion of counsel to the Trustee (which counsel may be an employee of the Trustee) such authentication may not lawfully be made or would involve the Trustee in personal liability.

     Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 3.1 and of the immediately preceding paragraph, if all Securities of a series are not to be originally issued at one time, it shall not be necessary to deliver the Officer’s Certificate otherwise required pursuant to Section 3.1 or the Company Order and Opinion of Counsel otherwise required pursuant to the immediately preceding paragraph at or prior to the time of authentication of each security of such series if such documents are delivered at or prior to the authentication upon original issuance of the first security of such series to be issued.

     If the Company shall establish pursuant to Section 3.1 that the Securities of a series are to be issued in the form of one or more global Securities, then the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall, in accordance with this Section and the Company Order with respect to the authentication and delivery of such series, authenticate and deliver one or more global Securities that (i) shall be in an aggregate amount equal to the aggregate principal amount specified in such Company Order, (ii) shall be registered in the name of the Common Depositary or U.S. Depositary, as the case may be, therefor or its nominee, and (iii) shall be made available for delivery by the Trustee to such depositary or pursuant to such depositary’s instruction.

     Each depositary designated pursuant to Section 3.1 must, at the time of its designation and at all times while it serves as depositary, be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and any other applicable statute or regulation.

     Unless otherwise provided for in the form of security, each security shall be dated the date of its authentication.

     No security shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such security a certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein executed by the Trustee by manual signature, and such certificate upon any security shall be conclusive evidence,

and the only evidence, that such security has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture.

     § 3.4. Temporary Securities.

     Pending the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, temporary Securities which are printed, lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any authorized denomination, substantially of the tenor of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued and with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as the officers executing such Securities may determine, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities.

     In the case of Securities of any series, such temporary Securities may be in global form, representing all or a portion of the Outstanding Securities of such series.

     Except in the case of temporary Securities in global form (which shall be exchanged in accordance with the provisions of Section 3.5), if temporary Securities of any series are issued, the Company will cause definitive Securities of that series to be prepared without unreasonable delay. After the preparation of definitive Securities of such series, the temporary Securities of such series shall be exchangeable for definitive Securities of such series upon surrender of the temporary Securities of such series at the office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Securities of any series, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery in exchange therefor a like principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series of authorized denominations and of like tenor. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities of such series.

     If temporary Securities of any series are issued in global form, any such temporary global Security shall, unless otherwise provided therein, be delivered to the office of a depositary or common depositary (the “COMMON DEPOSITARY”) for credit to the respective accounts of the beneficial owners of such Securities (or to such other accounts as they may direct).

     § 3.5. Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange.

     The Company shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee a register (the register maintained in such office and in any other office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment being herein sometimes collectively referred to as the “Security Register”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall provide for the registration of Securities and of registration of transfers of Securities. The Trustee is hereby appointed “Security Registrar” for the purpose of registering Securities and transfers of Securities as herein provided.

     Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any security of any series at the office or agency of the Company in Place of Payment for that series, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount and Stated Maturity.

     At the option of the Holder, Securities of any series may be exchanged for other Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount and Stated Maturity, upon surrender of the Securities to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, the Securities which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive.

     Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1, any permanent global security shall be exchangeable only as provided in this paragraph. If the beneficial owners of interests in a permanent global security are entitled to exchange such interests for Securities of such series and of like tenor and principal amount of another authorized form and denomination, as specified and as subject to the conditions contemplated by Section 3.1, then without unnecessary delay but in any event not later than the earliest date on which such interests may be so exchanged, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee definitive Securities of that series in aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such permanent global security, executed by the Company. On or after the earliest date on which such interests may be so exchanged, such permanent global Securities shall be surrendered from time to time by the Common Depositary or the U.S. Depositary, as the case may be, and in accordance with instructions given to the Trustee and the Common Depositary or the U.S. Depositary, as the case may be (which instructions shall be in writing but need not comply with Section 1.2 or be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel), as shall be specified in the Company Order with respect thereto to the Trustee, as the Company’s agent for such purpose, to be exchanged, in whole or in part, for definitive Securities of the same series without charge. The Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in exchange for each portion of such surrendered permanent global security, a like aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series of authorized denominations and of like tenor as the portion of such permanent global security to be exchanged which shall be in the form of the Securities of such series; provided, however, that no such exchanges may occur during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that series selected for redemption under Section 11.3 and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing. Promptly following any such exchange in part, such permanent global Security shall be returned by the Trustee to the Common Depositary or the U.S. Depositary, as the case may be, or such other Common Depositary or U.S. Depositary referred to above in accordance with the written instructions of the Company referred to above. If a Security in the form specified for such series is issued in exchange for any portion of a permanent global Security after the close of business at the office or agency where such exchange occurs on (i) any Regular Record Date and before the opening of

business at such office or agency on the relevant Interest Payment Date, or (ii) any Special Record Date and before the opening of business at such office or agency on the related proposed date for payment of interest or Defaulted Interest, as the case may be, such interest or Defaulted Interest will not be payable on such Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, in respect of such security in the form specified for such series, but will be payable on such Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, only to the Person to whom interest in respect of such portion of such permanent global Security is payable in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

     All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities shall be the valid obligation, of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

     Every Security presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Trustee) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed, by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing.

     Unless otherwise provided in the Securities to be transferred or exchanged, no service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 3.4, 9.6 or 11.7 not involving any transfer.

     The Company shall not be required (i) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that series selected for redemption under Section 11.3 and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any security being redeemed in part.

     § 3.6. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities.

     If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

     If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Trustee (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such

Security has been acquired by a protected purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its request the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

     In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security.

     Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

     Every new Security of any series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that series duly issued hereunder.

     The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.

     § 3.7. Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved.

     Interest on any Security which is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid at the Place of Payment to the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, except that at the option of the Company payment may be made (i) except in the case of a global Security by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address appears in the Securities Registrar or (ii) by transfer to an account maintained by the Person entitled thereto as specified in the Securities Registrar provided that proper transfer instructions have been received by the Regular Record Date.

     Any interest on any Security of any series which is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date (herein called “Defaulted Interest”) shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on the relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of having been such Holder, and such Defaulted Interest may be paid by the Company, at its election in each case, as provided in Clause (1) or (2) below:

          (1) The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner.

The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each Security of such series and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this Section 3.7 provided. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall be not more than 15 days and not less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such Special Record Date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor to be mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder of Securities of such series at his address as it appears in the Security Register, not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor having been so mailed, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on such Special Record Date and shall no longer be payable pursuant to the following Clause (2).

          (2) The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on the Securities of any series in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this Section 3.7, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.

     Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Security.

     § 3.8. Persons Deemed Owners.

     Prior to due presentment of a Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name such Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of (and premium, if any) and (subject to Section 3.7) interest on such Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

     None of the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interest of a Security in global form, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial

ownership interest. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Security in global form, nothing herein shall prevent the Company or the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by any U.S. Depositary or Common Depositary (or its nominee), as a Holder, with respect to such Security in global form or impair, as between such U.S. Depositary or Common Depositary and owners of beneficial interests in such Security in global form, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the right of such U.S. Depositary or Common Depositary (or its nominee) as holder of such Security in global form.

     § 3.9. Cancellation.

     All Securities surrendered for payment, redemption, registration of transfer or exchange or for credit against any sinking fund payment shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee and shall be promptly cancelled by it. The Company may at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly cancelled by the Trustee. No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities cancelled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All cancelled Securities shall be held by the Trustee and may be destroyed (and, if so destroyed, certification of their destruction shall be delivered to the Company upon its request, unless, by a Company Order, the Company shall direct that cancelled Securities be returned to it).

     § 3.10. Computation of Interest.

     Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for Securities of any series, interest on the Securities of each series shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months.

ARTICLE 4

SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

§ 4.

     § 4.1. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.

     This Indenture shall cease to be of further effect (except as to any surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of Securities herein expressly provided for or in the form of Security for such series), when the Trustee, upon Company Request and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when

          (1) either

          (A) all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (i) Securities which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 3.6 and (ii) Securities for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 10.8) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

          (B) all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation

          (i) have become due and payable, or

          (ii) will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year, or

          (iii) are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company,

and the Company, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for the purpose an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal (and premium, if any) and interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable) or the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case may be;

          (2) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company; and

          (3) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent provided for herein relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with.

     Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 6.7, the obligations of the Company to any Authenticating Agent under Section 6.14 and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (B) of clause (1) of this Section, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 4.2 and the last paragraph of Section 10.8 shall survive.

     § 4.2. Application of Trust Money.

     Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 10.8, all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 4.1 shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of the

principal (and premium, if any) and interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with or received by the Trustee.

ARTICLE 5

REMEDIES

§ 5.

     § 5.1. Events of Default.

     “EVENT OF DEFAULT,” wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any series, means any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or to be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):

          (1) the Company defaults in the payment of interest or any sinking fund payment on any Security of that series when such interest becomes due and payable and the default continues for a period of 60 days; provided, however, that if the Company is permitted by the terms of the Securities of the applicable series to defer the payment in question, the date on which such payment is due and payable shall be the date on which the Company is required to make payment following such deferral, if such deferral has been elected pursuant to the terms of the Securities; or

          (2) the Company defaults in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any Security of that series when the same becomes due and payable at Maturity, upon redemption (including redemptions under Article 11), by declaration or otherwise; provided, however, that if the Company is permitted by the terms of the Securities of the applicable series to defer the payment in question, the date on which such payment is due and payable shall be the date on which the Company is required to make payment following such deferral, if such deferral has been elected pursuant to the terms of the Securities; or

          (3) the Company fails to observe or perform in any material respect any of its other covenants, warranties or agreements in the Securities of that series or in this Indenture (other than a covenant, agreement or warranty a default in whose performance or whose breach is elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt with or which has expressly been included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of series of Securities other than that series), and the failure to observe or perform continues for the period and after the notice specified in the last paragraph of this Section; or

          (4) any event of default, as defined in any other indenture, mortgage, or instrument under which there may be issued, or by which there may be secured or evidenced, any Indebtedness of the Company (whether such Indebtedness now exists or shall hereafter be created or incurred) shall occur and shall consist of default in the

payment of such Indebtedness at the maturity thereof (after giving effect to any applicable grace period) or shall result in Indebtedness becoming or being declared due and payable prior to the date on which it would otherwise become due and payable, and such default in payment is not cured or such acceleration shall not be rescinded or annulled within 30 days after written notice to the Company from the Trustee or to the Company and to the Trustee from the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series at the time outstanding; provided that it shall not be an Event of Default if the principal amount of Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness represented by Securities issued pursuant to this Indenture) which is not paid at maturity or the maturity of which is accelerated is less than or equal to $25 million provided further that if, prior to a declaration of acceleration of the maturity of the Securities of that series or the entry of judgment in favor of the Trustee in a suit pursuant to Section 5.3, such default shall be remedied or cured by the Company or waived by the holders of such Indebtedness, then the Event of Default hereunder by reason thereof shall be deemed likewise to have been thereupon remedied, cured or waived without further action upon the part of either the Trustee or any of the Holders of the Securities of that series, and provided further, that, subject to Sections 6.1 and 6.2, the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any such default unless written notice of such default shall have been given to the Trustee by the Company, by a holder or an agent of a holder of any such Indebtedness, by the trustee then acting under any indenture or other instrument under which such default shall have occurred, or by the Holders of at least five percent in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series at the time Outstanding; or

          (5) the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law (A) commences a voluntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law with respect to itself, (B) consents to the entry of a judgment, decree or order for relief against it in an involuntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law, (C) consents to or acquiesces in the institution of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings against it, (D) applies for, consents to or acquiesces in the appointment of or taking possession by a Custodian of the Company or for any material part of its property, (E) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors or (F) takes any corporate action in furtherance of or to facilitate, conditionally or otherwise, any of the foregoing; or

          (6) (i) a court of competent jurisdiction enters a judgment, decree or order for relief in respect of the Company in an involuntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law which shall (A) approve as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition in respect of the Company, (B) appoint a Custodian of the Company or for any material part of its property, or (C) order the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs, and such judgment, decree or order shall remain unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days; or (ii) any bankruptcy or insolvency petition or application is filed, or any bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding is commenced against the Company and such petition, application or proceeding is not dismissed within 60 days; or (iii) a warrant of attachment is issued against any material portion of the property of the Company which is not released within 60 days of service; or

          (7) any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that series.

     A Default under clause (3) above is not an Event of Default until the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series notify the Company of the Default and the Company does not cure the Default within 90 days after receipt of the notice. The notice must specify the Default, demand that it be remedied and state that the notice is a “Notice of Default.” When a Default under clause (3) above is cured within such 90-day period, it ceases.

     § 5.2. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment.

     If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (5) or (6) of Section 5.1) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee by notice in writing to the Company, or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series by notice in writing to the Company and the Trustee, may declare the unpaid principal of and accrued interest to the date of acceleration (or, if the Securities of that series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) on all the Outstanding Securities of that series to be due and payable immediately and, upon any such declaration, the Outstanding Securities of that series (or specified principal amount) shall become and be immediately due and payable.

     If an Event of Default specified in clause (5) or (6) of Section 5.1 occurs, all unpaid principal of and accrued interest on the Outstanding Securities of that series (or specified principal amount) shall ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder of any Security of that series.

     Upon payment of all such principal and interest, all of the Company’s obligations under the Securities of that series and (upon payment of the Securities of all series) this Indenture shall terminate, except obligations under Section 6.7.

     The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series by notice to the Trustee may rescind an acceleration and its consequences if (i) all existing Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of the principal and interest of the Securities of that series that has become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived, (ii) to the extent the payment of such interest is lawful, interest on overdue installments of interest and overdue principal that has become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration have been paid, (iii) the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction and (iv) all payments due to the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee under Section 6.7 have been made.

     § 5.3. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee.

     The Company covenants that if:

          (1) default is made in the payment of any interest on any Security of any series when such interest becomes due and payable and such default continues for a period of 30 days, or

          (2) default is made in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any Security of any series at the Maturity thereof, the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due and payable on such Securities for principal (and premium, if any) and interest and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable, interest on any overdue principal (and premium, if any) and on any overdue interest, at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the reasonable costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

     If the Company fails to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree and may enforce the same against the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities, wherever situated.

     If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to secure any other proper remedy.

     § 5.4. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim.

     In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property of the Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for the payment of overdue principal or interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise,

     (i) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal (and premium, if any) and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements

and advances of the Trustee, its agent and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceedings, and

     (ii) to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same; and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 6.7.

     Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding.

     § 5.5. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities.

     All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.

     § 5.6. Application of Money Collected.

     Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article in respect of the Securities of any series shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal (or premium, if any) or interest, upon presentation of the Securities in respect of which moneys have been collected and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:

     First: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section 6.7 applicable to such series;

     Second: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities of such series in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities of such series for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, respectively; and

     Third: To the Company.

     The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Holders pursuant to this Section 5.6. At least fifteen (15) days before such record date, the Trustee shall mail to each Holder and the Company a notice that states the record date, the payment date and the amount to be paid.

     § 5.7. Limitation on Suits.

     No Holder of any Security of any series shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless:

          (1) such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that series;

          (2) the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series shall have made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder;

          (3) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request;

          (4) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and

          (5) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series; it being understood and intended that no one or more of Holders of Securities of any series shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all Holders of Securities of the affected series.

§ 5.8. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium and Interest.

     Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and (subject to Section 3.7) interest on such Security on the Stated Maturity or Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the Redemption Date) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

     § 5.9. Restoration of Rights and Remedies.

     If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding has been instituted.

     § 5.10. Rights and Remedies Cumulative.

     Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in the last paragraph of Section 3.6, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

     § 5.11. Delay or Omission Not Waiver.

     No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be.

     § 5.12. Control by Holders.

     The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect to the Securities of such series, provided that:

          (1) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture;

          (2) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction; and

          (3) subject to Section 6.1, the Trustee need not take any action which might involve the Trustee in personal liability or be unduly prejudicial to the Holders not joining therein.

     § 5.13. Waiver of Past Defaults.

     The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series may by written notice to the Trustee on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of such series waive any Default or Event of Default with respect to such series and its consequences, except a Default or Event of Default

          (1) in respect of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security of such series, or

          (2) in respect of a covenant or other provision hereof which under Article Nine cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security of such series affected.

          (3) Upon any such waiver, such Default or Event of Default shall cease to exist and shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture and the Securities of such series; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

     § 5.14. Undertaking for Costs.

     All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company, to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security on or after the Stated Maturity or Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date).

ARTICLE 6

THE TRUSTEE

§ 6.

     § 6.1. Certain Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustee.

          (a) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Trustee’s duties and responsibilities under this Indenture shall be governed by Section 3.15(a) of the Trust Indenture Act.

          (b) In case an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, and is known to the Trustee, the Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and shall use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs.

          (c) None of the provisions of Section 315(d) of the Trust Indenture Act shall be excluded from this Indenture.

     § 6.2. Notice of Defaults.

     Within 30 days after the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any series, the Trustee shall give to all Holders of Securities of such series, as their names and addresses appear in the Security Register, notice of such Default or Event of Default known to the Trustee, unless such Default or Event of Default shall have been cured or waived; provided, however, that, except in the case of a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security of such series or in the payment of any sinking fund installment with respect to Securities of such series, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as the board of directors, the executive committee or directors or Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine that the withholding of such notice is in the interest of the Holders of Securities of such series.

     § 6.3. Certain Rights of Trustee.

     Subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act:

          (a) the Trustee may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;

          (b) any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order and any resolution of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution;

          (c) whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or

omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officer’s Certificate;

          (d) the Trustee may consult with counsel and the written advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;

          (e) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity to its reasonable satisfaction against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction;

          (f) prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any series and after the curing or waiving of all such Events of Default which may have occurred, the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, approval or other paper or document, or the books and records of the Company, unless requested in writing to do so by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series; provided, however, that if the payment within a reasonable time to the Trustee of the costs, expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such investigation is not, in the opinion of the Trustee, reasonably assured to the Trustee by the security afforded to it by the terms of this Indenture, the Trustee may require reasonable indemnity against such costs, expenses or liabilities as a condition to so proceeding; the reasonable expense of every such investigation shall be paid by the Company or, if paid by the Trustee, shall be repaid by the Company upon demand;

          (g) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder; and

          (h) the Trustee shall not be required to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.

          (i) except in connection with compliance with Section 310 or Section 311 of the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee shall only be charged with knowledge of Responsible Officers.

     § 6.4. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities.

     The recitals herein and in the Securities, except the Trustee’s certificates of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and the Trustee or any Authenticating Agent assumes no responsibility for their correctness. The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities. Neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent shall be accountable for the use or application by the Company of Securities or the proceeds thereof.

     § 6.5. May Hold Securities.

     The Trustee, any Authenticating Agent, any Paying Agent, any Security Registrar or any other agent of the Company, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and, subject to Sections 6.8 and 6.13, may otherwise deal with the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Authenticating Agent, Paying Agent, Security Registrar or such other agent.

     § 6.6. Money Held in Trust.

     Money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder (including amounts held by the Trustee as Paying Agent) need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed upon in writing with the Company.

     § 6.7. Compensation and Reimbursement.

     The Company agrees

          (1) to pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust);

          (2) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its negligence or bad faith; and

          (3) to indemnify the Trustee for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability, damage, claim or expense, including taxes (other than taxes based upon or determined or measured by the income of the Trustee), incurred without gross negligence or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust or trusts hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder.

     When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with an Event of Default specified in Section 5.1(5) or Section 5.1(6), the expenses (including the reasonable charges and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law.

     The provisions of this Section 6.7 shall survive this Indenture and the resignation or removal of any Trustee hereunder.

     § 6.8. Disqualification; Conflicting Interests.

     The Trustee shall be disqualified only where such disqualification is required by Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. Nothing shall prevent the Trustee from filing with the Commission the application referred to in the second to last paragraph of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act.

     § 6.9. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility.

     There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder which shall be eligible to act as Trustee under Section 310(a)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act having a combined capital and surplus of at least $5,000,000 subject to supervision or examination by federal or State authority. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. Neither the Company nor any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Company may serve as Trustee. If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article.

     § 6.10. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor.

          (a) No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 6.11.

          (b) The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company. If the instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee required by Section 6.11 shall not have been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

          (c) The Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series, delivered to the Trustee and to the Company.

          (d) If at any time:

               (1) the Trustee shall fail to comply with Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act after written request therefor by the Company or by any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months; or

               (2) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 6.9 and shall fail to resign after written request here for by the Company or by any such Holder of a Security who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months; or

               (3) the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation;

then, in any such case, (i) the Company by a Board Resolution may remove the Trustee with respect to all Securities, or (ii) subject to Section 315(e) of the Trust Indenture Act, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a security for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee with respect to all Securities and the appointment of a successor Trustee or Trustees.

          (e) If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause, with respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with respect to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any such successor Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more or all of such series and that at any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any particular series) and shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 6.11. If, within one year after such resignation, removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such vacancy, a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall be appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Company and the retiring Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 6.11, become the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and to that extent supersede the successor Trustee appointed by the Company with respect to such Securities. If no successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall have been so appointed by the Company or the Holders and accepted appointment in the manner required by Section 6.11, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a security of such series for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

          (f) The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each removal of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series by mailing written notice of such event by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to all Holders of Securities of such series as their names and addresses appear in the security Register. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust Office.

     § 6.11. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor or Additional Trustees.

          (a) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to all Securities, every such successor Trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the Company or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder.

          (b) In case of the appointment hereunder of a Trustee or a successor with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, any retiring Trustee and each Trustee or a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto wherein each Trustee or a successor Trustee shall accept such appointment and which (1) shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each Trustee or a successor Trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of any retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such Trustee or a successor Trustee relates, (2) if any retiring Trustee is not retiring with respect to all Securities, shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of any retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to which any retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in any retiring Trustee, and (3) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental Indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust and that each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee; and upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein and each such Trustee or a successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of any retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such Trustee or a successor Trustee relates; but,

on request of the Company or any Trustee or a successor Trustee, any such retiring Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such Trustee or a successor Trustee all property and money held by any such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of any such Trustee or successor Trustee relates.

          (c) Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section, as the case may be.

          (d) No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible under the Trust Indenture Act.

     § 6.12. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business.

     Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities.

     § 6.13. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company.

     The Trustee shall comply with Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, excluding any creditor relationship listed in Section 311(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act to the extent indicated therein.

     § 6.14. Appointment of Authenticating Agent.

     At any time when any of the Securities remain Outstanding the Trustee may appoint an Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect to one or more series of Securities which shall be authorized to act on behalf of, and subject to the direction of, the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series issued upon exchange, registration of transfer or partial redemption thereof or pursuant to Section 3.6, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder. Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities by the Trustee or the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, such reference shall be deemed to

include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent. Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall at all times be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as Authenticating Agent, having a combined capital and surplus of not less than $5,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination by federal or State authority. If such Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such Authenticating Agent shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time an Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, such Authenticating Agent shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section.

     Any corporation into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate agency or corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be an Authenticating Agent, provided such corporation shall be otherwise eligible under this Section, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent.

     An Authenticating Agent may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time terminate the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice thereof to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee may appoint a successor Authenticating Agent which shall be acceptable to the Company and shall mail written notice of such appointment by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to all Holders of Securities of the series with respect to which such Authenticating Agent will serve, as their names and addresses appear in the security Register. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent. No successor Authenticating Agent shall be appointed unless eligible under the provisions of this Section.

     The Company agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to time reasonable compensation for its services under this Section.

     If an appointment with respect to one or more series is made pursuant to this Section, the Securities of such series may have endorsed thereon, in lieu of the Trustee’s certificate of authentication, an alternate certificate of authentication in the following form:

Form of Authenticating Agent’s
Certificate of Authentication

                                                            

     This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.

				As Trustee
		By:
				As Authenticating Agent
		By:
				Authorized Signatory

ARTICLE 7

HOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

§ 7.

     § 7.1. Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders.

     The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee:

          (a) semi-annually, not later than January 1 and July 1 in each year, a list, in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders as of the preceding December 15 or June 15, as the case may be; and

          (b) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list is furnished; provided, however, that so long as the Trustee is the Security Registrar, no such list shall be required to be furnished; provided, however, that so long as the Trustee is the Security Registrar, no such list shall be required to be furnished.

     § 7.2. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders.

          (a) The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of Holders contained in the most recent list furnished to the Trustee as provided in Section 7.1 and the names and addresses of Holders received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar. The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 7.1 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.

          (b) If three or more Holders (herein referred to as “applicants”) apply in writing to the Trustee, and furnish to the Trustee reasonable proof that each such applicant has owned a Security for a period of at least six months preceding the date of such application, and such application states that the applicants desire to communicate with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under the Securities and is accompanied by a copy of the form of proxy or other communication which such applicants propose to transmit then the Trustee shall, within five Business Days after the receipt of such application, at its election, either

          (i) afford such applicants access to the information preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 7.2(a); or

          (ii) inform such applicants as to the approximate number of Holders whose names and addresses appear in the information preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 7.2(a), and as to the approximate cost of mailing to

such Holders the form of proxy or other communication, if any, specified in such application.

     If the Trustee shall elect not to afford such applicants access to such information, the Trustee shall, upon the written request of such applicants, mail to each Holder whose name and address appears in the information preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 7.2(a) a copy of the form of proxy or other communication which is specified in such request, with reasonable promptness after a tender to the Trustee of the material to be mailed and of payment, or provision for the payment, of the reasonable expenses of mailing, unless within five days after such tender the Trustee shall mail to such applicants and file with the Commission, together with a copy of the material to be mailed, a written statement to the effect that, in the opinion of the Trustee, such mailing would be contrary to the best interest of the Holders or would be in violation of applicable law. Such written statement shall specify the basis of such opinion. If the Commission, after opportunity for a hearing upon the objections specified in the written statement so filed, shall enter an order refusing to sustain any of such objections or if, after the entry of an order sustaining one or more of such objections, the Commission shall find, after notice and opportunity for hearing, that all objections so sustained have been met and shall enter an order so declaring, the Trustee shall mail copies of such material to all such Holders with reasonable promptness after the entry of such order and the renewal of such tender; otherwise the Trustee shall be relieved of any obligation or duty to such applicants respecting their application.

          (c) Every Holder of Securities, by receiving and holding the same, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any agent of either of them shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any such information as to the names and addresses of the Holders in accordance with Section 702(b), regardless of the source from which such information was derived, and that the Trustee shall not be held accountable by reason of mailing any material pursuant to a request made under Section 7.2(b).

     § 7.3. Reports by Trustee.

          (a) Within 60 days after                      15 of each year commencing with the year 20___, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Holders of Securities as provided in Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act, a brief report dated as of                      15, if required by and in compliance with Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act.

          (b) A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each stock exchange upon which any Securities are listed, with the Commission and with the Company. The Company will notify the Trustee when any Securities are listed on any stock exchange.

     § 7.4. Reports by Company.

     The Company shall:

          (1) file with the Trustee, within 30 days after the Company is required to file the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company may be required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act; or, if the Company is not required to file information, documents or reports pursuant to either of said Sections, then it shall file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such of the supplementary and periodic information, documents and reports which may be required pursuant to Section 13 of the Exchange Act in respect of a security listed and registered on a national securities exchange as may be prescribed from time to time in such rules and regulations;

          (2) file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such additional information, documents and reports with respect to compliance by the Company with the conditions and covenants of this Indenture as may be required from time to time by such rules and regulations;

          (3) furnish to the Trustee, on or before May 1 of each year, a brief certificate from the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer as to his or her knowledge of the Company’s compliance with all conditions and covenants under this Indenture. For purposes of this paragraph, such compliance shall be determined without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided under this Indenture. Such certificate need not comply with Section 1.2.

ARTICLE 8

CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, LEASE, SALE OR TRANSFER

§ 8.

     § 8.1. When Company May Merge, Etc.

     The Company shall not consolidate, or merge with or into any other corporation (whether or not the Company shall be the surviving corporation), or sell, assign, transfer or lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties and assets as an entirety or substantially as an entirety to any Person or group of affiliated Persons, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, unless:

          (1) either the Company shall be the continuing Person or the Person (if other than the Company) formed by such consolidation or with which or into which the Company is merged or the Person (or group of affiliated Persons) to which all or substantially all the properties and assets of the Company as an entirety or substantially as an entirety are sold, assigned, transferred or leased shall be a corporation, partnership or trust or other entity organized and existing under the laws of the United States of

America or any State thereof or the District of Columbia and shall expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, all the obligations of the Company under the Securities and this Indenture; and

          (2) immediately before and after giving effect to such transaction or series of related transactions, no Event of Default, and no Default, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become and Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing.

     § 8.2. Opinion of Counsel.

     The Company shall deliver to the Trustee prior to the proposed transaction(s) covered by Section 8.1 an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the transaction(s) and such supplemental indenture comply with this Indenture and that all conditions precedent to the consummation of the transaction(s) under this Indenture have been met.

     § 8.3. Successor Corporation Substituted.

     Upon any consolidation by the Company with or merger by the Company into an other corporation or any lease, sale, assignment, or transfer of all or substantially all of the property and assets of the Company in accordance with Section 8.1, the successor corporation formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or the successor corporation or affiliated group of corporations to which such lease, sale, assignment, or transfer is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor corporation or corporations had been named as the Company herein, and thereafter, except in the case of a lease, the predecessor corporation or corporations shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities and in the event of such conveyance or transfer, except in the case of a lease, any such predecessor corporation may be dissolved and liquidated.

ARTICLE 9

SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

§ 9.

     § 9.1. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders.

     Without notice to or the consent of any Holders of a series of Securities, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of the following purposes:

          (1) to evidence the succession of another corporation to the Company and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company herein and in the Securities; or

          (2) to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such covenants are expressly being included solely for the benefit of series) or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company; or

          (3) to add any additional Events of Default with respect to all or any series of Securities; or

          (4) to add or change any of the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the issuance of Securities in bearer form, registrable or not registrable as to principal, and with or without interest coupons; or

          (5) to change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture, provided that any such change or elimination shall become effective only when there is no Security Outstanding of any series created prior to the execution of such supplemental Indenture which is entitled to the benefit of such provision; or

          (6) to secure the Securities; or

          (7) to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series as permitted by Sections 2.1 and 3.1; or

          (8) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a Trustee or a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Section 6.11(b); or

          (9) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency or to correct or supplement any provision herein which may be inconsistent with any other provision herein; or

          (10) to make any change that does not materially adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of such series; or

          (11) to qualify, or maintain the qualification of the Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act.

     Upon request of the Company, accompanied by a Board Resolution authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and upon receipt by the Trustee of the documents described in (and subject to the last sentence of) Section 9.3, the Trustee shall

join with the Company in the execution of any supplemental indenture authorized or permitted by the terms of this Indenture.

     § 9.2. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders.

     With the written consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of each series affected by such supplemental indenture, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee shall, subject to Section 9.3, enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding security affected thereby,

          (1) change the Stated Maturity of the principal of, or any installment of principal of or interest on, any security, or reduce the principal amount thereof or the rate of interest thereon or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof or extend the time for payment thereof, or reduce the amount of the principal of an Original Issue Discount security that would be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 5.2, or change any Place of Payment where, or the coin or currency in which, any security or any premium or the interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date);

          (2) reduce the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, the consent of whose Holders is required for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver of compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or Defaults or Events of Default hereunder and their consequences provided for in this Indenture; or

          (3) change the redemption provisions (including Article Eleven) hereof in a manner adverse to such Holder; or

          (4) modify any of the provisions of this Section or Section 5.13, except to increase any such percentage or to provide that certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby; provided, however, that this clause shall not be deemed to require the consent of any Holder with respect to changes in the references to “the Trustee” and concomitant changes in this Section, or the deletion of this proviso, in accordance with the requirements of Sections 6.11(b) and 9.1(8).

     A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other provisions of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be

deemed not to affect the rights under this Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.

     It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.

     § 9.3. Execution of Supplemental Indentures.

     The Trustee shall sign any supplemental indenture authorized pursuant to this Article, subject to the last sentence of this Section 9.3. In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Section 6.1) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture. The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.

     § 9.4. Effect of Supplemental Indentures.

     Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article, this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental Indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of Securities theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby.

     § 9.5. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act.

     Every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect.

     § 9.6. Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures.

     Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall if required by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine, new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee and the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticate and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Securities of such series.

ARTICLE 10

COVENANTS

§ 10.

     § 10.1. Payments of Securities.

     With respect to each series of Securities, the Company will duly and punctually pay the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on such Securities in accordance with their terms and this Indenture, and will duly comply with all the other terms, agreements and conditions contained in, or made in the Indenture for the benefit of, the Securities of such series.

     § 10.2. Maintenance of Office or Agency.

     The Company will maintain an office or agency in each Place of Payment where Securities may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange or for presentation for payment, where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities and this Indenture may be served. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the address of the Trustee as set forth in Section 1.5 hereof.

     The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Securities may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.

     Unless otherwise set forth in, or pursuant to, a Board Resolution or indenture supplemental hereto with respect to a series of Securities, the Company hereby initially designates the Corporate Trust Office as such office of the Company.

     § 10.3. Corporate Existence.

     Subject to Article 8 hereof, the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence and that of each of its Subsidiaries and the rights (charter and statutory) of the Company and its Subsidiaries; provided, however, that (a) the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right, license or franchise or the corporate existence of any of its Subsidiaries if the Board of Directors, or the board of directors of the Subsidiary concerned, as the case may be, shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and that the loss thereof is not materially disadvantageous to the Holders, and (b) nothing herein contained shall prevent any Subsidiary of the Company from liquidating or dissolving, or merging into, or consolidating with the Company (provided that the Company shall be the continuing or surviving corporation) or with any one or more Subsidiaries if the Board of Directors or

the board of directors of the Subsidiary concerned, as the case may be, shall so determine.

     § 10.4. Payment of Taxes and Other Claims.

     The Company will pay or discharge, or cause to be paid or discharged, before the same shall become delinquent, (1) all material taxes, assessments and governmental charges levied or imposed upon the Company or any Subsidiary or upon the income, profits or property of the Company or any Subsidiary material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, and (2) all lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies which, if unpaid, might by law become a material lien upon the property of the Company or any Subsidiary material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any such tax, assessment, charge or claim whose amount, applicability or validity is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate provision has been made.

     § 10.5. Compliance Certificates.

          (a) The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 10 days after the occurrence thereof, notice of any acceleration which with the giving of notice and the lapse of time would be an Event of Default within the meaning of Section 5.1(4) hereof.

          (b) The Company shall deliver to the Trustee forthwith upon becoming aware of a Default or Event of Default (but in no event later than 10 days after the occurrence of each Default or Event of Default that is continuing), an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the details of such Default or Event of Default and the action that the Company proposes to take with respect thereto and the specific section or sections of this Indenture in connection with which such Default or Event of Default has occurred.

     § 10.6. Commission Reports.

          (a) So long as the Securities remain outstanding, the Company shall cause its annual report to shareholders and any other financial reports furnished by it to shareholders generally, to be mailed to the Holders at their addresses appearing in the register of Securities maintained by the Security Registrar in each case at the time of such mailing or furnishing to shareholders. If the Company is not required to furnish annual reports to its shareholders pursuant to the Exchange Act, the Company shall cause its financial statements, including any notes thereto and, with respect to annual reports, an auditors’ report by an accounting firm of established national reputation and a “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” to be so filed with the Trustee and mailed to the Holders within 90 days after the end of each of the Company’s fiscal years and within 45 days after the end of each of the first three quarters of each fiscal year.

          (b) The Company shall provide the Trustee with a sufficient number of copies of all reports and other documents and information that the Company may be required to deliver to the Holders under this Section 10.6.

     § 10.7. Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws.

     The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim, and will actively resist any and all efforts to be compelled to take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law or any usury law or other law, which would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of and/or interest on the Securities as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) the Company hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

     § 10.8. Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust.

     If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with respect to any series of Securities, it will, on or before each due date of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any of the Securities of that series, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.

     Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any series of Securities, it will, prior to each due date of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any Securities of that series, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such principal, premium or interest, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure to so act.

     The Company will cause each Paying Agent for any series of Securities (other than the Trustee) to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent will:

          (i) hold all sums held by it for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on Securities of that series in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided;

          (ii) give the Trustee notice of any default by the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities of that series) in the making of any payment of principal (and premium, if any) or interest on the Securities of that series; and

          (iii) at any time during the continuance of any such default, upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent.

     The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money.

     Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any security of any series and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal (and premium, if any) or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Company on Company Request, or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such security shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof unless any abandoned property law designates another Person, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee of such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in a newspaper published in the English language, customarily published on each Business Day and of general circulation in New York, New York, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company.

ARTICLE 11

REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

§ 11.

     § 11.1. Applicability of Article.

     Securities of any series which are redeemable before their Stated Maturity shall be redeemable in accordance with their terms in whole or in part (provided Securities issued in denominations larger than $1,000 may be redeemed in part only in integral multiples of $1,000) and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for Securities of any series) in accordance with this Article.

     § 11.2. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee.

     The election of the Company to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution. In case of any redemption at the election of the Company of less than all the Securities of any series, the Company shall, at least 45 days prior to the Redemption Date fixed by the Company (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee of such Redemption Date and of the principal amount of Securities of such series to be redeemed. In the case of any redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officer’s Certificate evidencing compliance with such restriction.

     § 11.3. Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed.

     If less than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed, the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 90 days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series not previously called for redemption, substantially pro rata, by lot or by any other method as the Trustee considers fair and appropriate and that complies with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any, on which such Securities are listed, and which may provide for the selection for redemption of portions (equal to the lesser of the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that series or $50 per Security, and any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount of Securities of such series of a denomination larger than the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that series; provided that in case the Securities of such series have different terms and maturities, the Securities to be redeemed shall be selected by the Company and the Company shall give notice thereof to the Trustee.

     The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed.

     For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of the Securities shall relate, in the case of any Securities redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the principal amount of such Securities which has been or is to be redeemed.

     § 11.4. Notice of Redemption.

     Notice of redemption shall be given by first-class mail, postage prepaid, mailed not less than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date, to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed, at this address appearing in the security Register.

     All notices of redemption shall state:

          (1) the Redemption Date;

          (2) the Redemption Price;

          (3) if less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption, the principal amounts) of the particular Securities to be redeemed;

          (4) that on the Redemption Date, the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each such security to be redeemed and, if applicable, that interest thereon will cease to accrue on and after said date;

          (5) the place or places where such Securities are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price;

          (6) that the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the case;

          (7) the CUSIP number, if any, of the Securities to be redeemed; and

          (8) unless otherwise provided as to a particular series of Securities, if at the time of publication or mailing of any notice of redemption the Company shall not have deposited with the Trustee or Paying Agent and/or irrevocably directed the Trustee or Paying Agent to apply, from money held by it available to be used for the redemption of Securities, an amount in cash sufficient to redeem all of the Securities called for redemption, including accrued interest to the Redemption Date, such notice shall state that it is subject to the receipt of the redemption moneys by the Trustee or Paying Agent before the Redemption Date (unless such redemption is mandatory) and such notice shall be of no effect unless such moneys are so received before such date.

     Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the election of the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company’s request, by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company.

     § 11.5. Deposit of Redemption Price.

     Prior to any Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 10.98) an amount of money sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, and (except if the Redemption Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued interest on, all the Securities which are to be redeemed on that date.

     § 11.6. Securities Payable on Redemption Date.

     Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Securities so to be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the Redemption Price therein specified, and from and after such date (unless the Company shall default in the payment of the Redemption Price and accrued interest) such Securities shall cease to bear interest. Upon surrender of any such security for redemption in accordance with said notice, such security shall be paid by the Company at the Redemption Price, together

with accrued interest to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that installments of interest whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption Date shall be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, registered as such at the close of business on the relevant Regular or Special Record Dates according to their terms and the provisions of Section 3.7.

     If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal (and premium, if any) shall, until paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate prescribed in the Security.

     § 11.7. Securities Redeemed in Part.

     Any Security which is to be redeemed only in part shall be surrendered at an office or agency of the Company at a Place of Payment therefor (with, if the Company or the Trustee so requires, due endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly executed by, the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing), and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such security without service charge, a new Security or Securities of the same series and Stated Maturity, of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder, in aggregate principal amount equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of the security so surrendered.

ARTICLE 12

SINKING FUNDS

§ 12.

     § 12.1. Applicability of Article.

     The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a series, except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.1 for Securities of such series.

     The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a “Mandatory Sinking Fund Payment,” and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as an “Optional Sinking Fund Payment.” If provided for by the terms of Securities of any series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to redemption as provided in Section 12.2. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the terms of Securities of such series.

     § 12.2. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.

     The Company (1) may deliver Securities of a series (other than any Securities previously called for redemption) and (2) may apply as a credit Securities of a series which have been (i) previously cancelled pursuant to Section 3.9 or delivered for cancellation or (ii) redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted Optional Sinking Fund Payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any Mandatory Sinking Fund Payment with respect to the Securities of such series required to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities as provided for by the terms of such series; provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited at the principal amount for such purpose by the Trustee at the Redemption Price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such Mandatory Sinking Fund Payment shall be reduced accordingly.

     § 12.3. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund.

     Not less than 45 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any series of Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for that series pursuant to the terms of that series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities of that series pursuant to Section 12.2 and will also deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so delivered. Not less than 30 days before each such sinking fund payment date the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 11.3 and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 11.4. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Sections 11.6 and 11.7.

ARTICLE 13

DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

§ 13.

     § 13.1. Applicability of Article; Company’s Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

     Unless pursuant to Section 3.1 provision is made for the inapplicability of either or both of (a) Defeasance of the Securities of a series under Section 13.2 or (b) Covenant Defeasance of the Securities of a series under Section 13.3, then the provisions of such Section or Sections, as the case may be, together with the other provisions of this Article, shall be applicable to the Securities of such series, and the Company may at its option by Board Resolution, at any time, with respect to the Securities of such series, elect to have

either Section 13.2 (unless inapplicable) or Section 13.3 (unless inapplicable) be applied to the Outstanding Securities of such series upon compliance with the applicable conditions set forth below in this Article.

     § 13.2. Defeasance and Discharge.

     Upon the Company’s exercise of the option provided in Section 13.1 to defease the Outstanding Securities of a particular series, the Company shall be discharged from its obligations with respect to the Outstanding Securities of such series on the date the applicable conditions set forth in Section 13.4 are satisfied (hereinafter, “Defeasance”). Defeasance shall mean that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness represented by the Outstanding Securities of such series and to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Securities and this Indenture insofar as such Securities are concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same); provided, however, that the following rights, obligations, powers, trusts, duties and immunities shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (A) the rights of Holders of Outstanding Securities of such series to receive, solely from the trust fund provided for in Section 13.4, payments in respect of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on such Securities when such payments are due, (B) the Company’s obligations with respect to such Securities under Sections 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 10.1, 10.2 and 10.8, (C) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and (D) this Article. Subject to compliance with this Article, the Company may exercise its option with respect to Defeasance under this Section 13.2 notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option with respect to Covenant Defeasance under Section 13.3 in regard to the Securities of such series.

     § 13.3. Covenant Defeasance.

     Upon the Company’s exercise of the option provided in Section 13.1 to obtain a Covenant Defeasance with respect to the Outstanding Securities of a particular series, the Company shall be released from its obligations under this Indenture (except its obligations under Sections 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 5.6, 5.9, 6.10, 10.1, 10.2, 10.5, 10.7 and 10.8) with respect to the Outstanding Securities of such series on and after the date the applicable conditions set forth in Section 1304 are satisfied (hereinafter, “Covenant Defeasance”). Covenant Defeasance shall mean that, with respect to the Outstanding Securities of such series, the Company may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in this Indenture (except its obligations under Sections 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 5.6, 5.9, 6.10, 10.1, 10.2, 10.5, 10.7 and 10.8), whether directly or indirectly by reason of any reference elsewhere herein or by reason of any reference to any other provision herein or in any other document, and such omission to comply shall not constitute an Event of Default under Section 5.1(4) with respect to Outstanding Securities of such series, and the remainder of this Indenture and of the Securities of such series shall be unaffected thereby.

     § 13.4. Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.

     The following shall be the conditions to Defeasance under Section 13.2 and Covenant Defeasance under Section 13.3 with respect to the Outstanding Securities of a particular series:

          (1) the Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be deposited (and in the case of Defeasance such deposit shall have been made 121 days prior to Defeasance with the Trustee (or another trustee satisfying the requirements of Section 6.9 who shall agree to comply with the provisions of this Article applicable to it), under the terms of an irrevocable trust agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to such Trustee, as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, (A) Dollars in an amount, or (B) U.S. Government Obligations which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than the due date of any payment, money in an amount, or (C) a combination thereof, in each case sufficient, after payment of all federal, state and local taxes or other charges or assessments in respect thereof payable by the Trustee, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge, and which shall be applied by the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee) to pay and discharge, (i) the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and each installment of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Outstanding Securities of such series on the Stated Maturity of such principal or installment of principal or interest and (ii) any mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments applicable to the Outstanding Securities of such series on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and of such Securities.

          (2) No Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such series shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or shall occur as a result of such deposit, and no Default or Event of Default under clause (5) or (6) of Section 5.1 hereof shall occur and be continuing, at any time during the period ending on the 31st day after the date of such deposit (it being understood that this condition shall not be deemed satisfied until the expiration of such period).

          (3) Such deposit, Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound.

          (4) In the case of an election with respect to Section 13.2, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee either (A) a ruling directed to the Trustee received from the Internal Revenue Service to the effect that the Holders of the Outstanding Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Defeasance had not occurred or (B) an Opinion of Counsel, based on a

ruling published by the Internal Revenue Service or on a change in the applicable federal income tax law since the date of this Indenture, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the Holders of the Outstanding Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Defeasance had not occurred.

          (5) In the case of an election with respect to Section 13.3, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel or a ruling directed to the Trustee received from the Internal Revenue Service to the effect that the Holders of the Outstanding Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred.

          (6) Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall be effected in compliance with any additional terms, conditions or limitations which may be imposed on the Company in connection therewith pursuant to Section 3.1.

          (7) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent provided for relating to either the Defeasance under Section 13.2 or the Covenant Defeasance under Section 13.3 (as the case may be) have been complied with.

     § 13.5. Deposited Money and Government Obligations To Be Held In Trust.

     Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 10.8, all money and Government Obligations (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee—collectively for purposes of this Section 13.5, the “Trustee”) pursuant to Section 13.4 in respect of the Outstanding Securities of a particular series shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal (and premium, if any) and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

     The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Section 13.4 or the principal and interest received in respect thereof, other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of the Outstanding Securities of such series.

     Anything in this Article to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall deliver to pay to the Company from time to time upon Company Request any money or Government Obligations held by it as provided in Section 13.4 which, in the opinion of a

nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in excess of the amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited for the purpose for which such money or Government Obligations were deposited.

ARTICLE 14

MISCELLANEOUS

§ 14.

     § 14.1. Miscellaneous.

     This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized, as of the day and year first above written.

		KENNAMETAL INC.,
		as Issuer
		By:
		Name:
		Title:
		as Trustee
		By
		Name:
		Title:

Exhibit 4.6

KENNAMETAL INC.
AS ISSUER

TO

TRUSTEE

Form of
Subordinated Debt
Indenture

DATED AS OF                     , 20___

KENNAMETAL INC.

RECONCILIATION AND TIE BETWEEN TRUST
INDENTURE ACT OF 1939, AS AMENDED
AND INDENTURE, DATED AS OF                     , 20___

TRUST INDENTURE		INDENTURE SECTION
ACT SECTION
Section 310 (a) (1)			6.9
(a) (2)			6.9
(a) (3)		Not Applicable
(a) (4)		Not Applicable
(b)			6.8, 6.10
Section 311 (a)			6.13
(b)			6.13
Section 312 (a)			7.1, 7.2 (a)
(b)			7.2 (b)
(c)			7.2 (c)
Section 313 (a)			7.3 (a)
(b)		Not Applicable
(c)			7.3 (a), 7.3 (b)
(d)			7.3 (b)
Section 314 (a)			7.4
(b)		Not Applicable
(c) (1)			1.2
(c) (2)			1.2
(c) (3)		Not Applicable
(d)		Not Applicable
(e)			1.2
Section 315 (a)			6.1 (a)
(b)			6.2
(c)			6.1 (b)
(d)			6.1 (c)
(d) (1)			6.1 (a), 6.1 (c)
(d) (2)			6.1 (c)
(d) (3)			6.1 (c)
(e)			5.14
Section 316 (a) (1)(A)			5.12
(a) (1)(B)			5.2, 5.13
(a) (2)		Not Applicable
(b)			5.8
Section 317 (a) (1)			5.3
(a) (2)			5.4
(b)			10.9
Section 318 (a)			1.7

NOTE: THIS RECONCILIATION AND TIE SHALL NOT, FOR ANY PURPOSE, BE DEEMED TO BE A PART OF THIS INDENTURE.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION			1
§ 1.1 Definitions			1
Act			2
Affiliate			2
Authenticating Agent			2
Bankruptcy Law			2
Board of Directors			2
Board Resolution			2
Business Day			2
Capitalized Lease Obligations			2
Capital Stock			3
Commission			3
Common Depositary			3
Company			3
Company Request			3
Company Order			3
Corporate Trust Office			3
Covenant Defeasance			3
Currency Agreement			3
Custodian			3
Default			4
Defaulted Interest			4
Defeasance			4
Dollars			4
Event of Default			4
Exchange Act			4
GAAP			4
Holder			4
Security holder			4
Indebtedness			4
Indenture			5
Interest			5
Interest Payment Date			5
Interest Rate Agreement			5
Interest Swap Obligations			5
Lien			5
Maturity			5
Officer			5
Officer’s Certificate			5
Opinion of Counsel			6
Original Issue Discount Security			6

		Page
Outstanding			6
Paying Agent			6
Person			7
Place of Payment			7
Redemption Date			7
Redemption Price			7
Registered Security			7
Regular Record Date			7
Responsible Officer			7
Securities			7
Significant Subsidiary			8
Special Record Date			8
Stated Maturity			8
Subsidiary			8
Trust Indenture Act			8
Trustee			8
U.S. Depositary			8
U.S. Government Obligations			9
Vice President			9
§ 1.2 Compliance Certificates and Opinions			9
§ 1.3 Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee			10
§ 1.4 Acts of Holders			10
§ 1.5 Notices, Etc., to Trustee and Company			11
§ 1.6 Notice to Holders; Waiver			12
§ 1.7 Conflict with Trust Indenture Act			12
§ 1.8 Effect of Headings and Table of Contents			13
§ 1.9 Successors and Assigns			13
§ 1.10 Separability Clause			13
§ 1.11 Benefits of Indenture			13
§ 1.12 Governing Law			13
§ 1.13 Legal Holidays			13
§ 1.14 No Recourse Against Others			13
ARTICLE 2 SECURITY FORMS			14
§ 2.1 Forms Generally			14
§ 2.2 Form of Face of Security			14
§ 2.3 Form of Reverse of Security			16
§ 2.4 Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication			22
§ 2.5 Securities in Global Form			22
§ 2.6 CUSIP Number			23
§ 2.7 Form of Legend for the Securities in Global Form			23
ARTICLE 3 THE SECURITIES			23
§ 3.1 Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series			23
§ 3.2 Denominations			26
§ 3.3 Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating			26
§ 3.4 Temporary Securities			28
§ 3.5 Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange			29

		Page
§ 3.6 Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Wrongfully Taken Securities			31
§ 3.7 Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved			31
§ 3.8 Persons Deemed Owners			32
§ 3.9 Cancellation			33
§ 3.10 Computation of Interest			33
ARTICLE 4 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE			34
§ 4.1 Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture			34
§ 4.2 Application of Trust Money			35
ARTICLE 5 REMEDIES			35
§ 5.1 Events of Default			35
§ 5.2 Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment			37
§ 5.3 Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee			38
§ 5.4 Trustee May File Proofs of Claim			39
§ 5.5 Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities			39
§ 5.6 Application of Money Collected			40
§ 5.7 Limitation on Suits			40
§ 5.8 Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium and Interest			41
§ 5.9 Restoration of Rights and Remedies			41
§ 5.10 Rights and Remedies Cumulative			41
§ 5.11 Delay or Omission Not Waiver			41
§ 5.12 Control by Holders			42
§ 5.13 Waiver of Past Defaults			42
§ 5.14 Undertaking for Costs			42
ARTICLE 6 THE TRUSTEE			43
§ 6.1 Certain Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustee			43
§ 6.2 Notice of Defaults			43
§ 6.3 Certain Rights of Trustee			43
§ 6.4 Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities			45
§ 6.5 May Hold Securities			45
§ 6.6 Money Held in Trust			45
§ 6.7 Compensation and Reimbursement			45
§ 6.8 Disqualification; Conflicting Interests			46
§ 6.9 Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility			46
§ 6.10 Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor			46
§ 6.11 Acceptance of Appointment by Successor or Additional Trustees			48
§ 6.12 Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business			49
§ 6.13 Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company			49
§ 6.14 Appointment of Authenticating Agent			49
ARTICLE 7 HOLDERS’ LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY			51
§ 7.1 Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders			51
§ 7.2 Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders			52
§ 7.3 Reports by Trustee			53
§ 7.4 Reports by Company			53
ARTICLE 8 CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, LEASE, SALE OR TRANSFER			54
§ 8.1 When Company May Merge, Etc			54

		Page
§ 8.2 Opinion of Counsel			54
§ 8.3 Successor Corporation Substituted			54
ARTICLE 9 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES			55
§ 9.1 Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders			55
§ 9.2 Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders			56
§ 9.3 Execution of Supplemental Indentures			57
§ 9.4 Effect of Supplemental Indentures			57
§ 9.5 Conformity with Trust Indenture Act			58
§ 9.6 Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures			58
ARTICLE 10 COVENANTS			58
§ 10.1 Payments of Securities			58
§ 10.2 Maintenance of Office or Agency			58
§ 10.3 Corporate Existence			59
§ 10.4 Payment of Taxes and Other Claims			59
§ 10.5 Compliance Certificates			59
§ 10.6 Commission Reports			60
§ 10.7 Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws			60
§ 10.8 Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust			60
ARTICLE 11 REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES			62
§ 11.1 Applicability of Article			62
§ 11.2 Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee			62
§ 11.3 Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed			62
§ 11.4 Notice of Redemption			63
§ 11.5 Deposit of Redemption Price			64
§ 11.6 Securities Payable on Redemption Date			64
§ 11.7 Securities Redeemed in Part			64
ARTICLE 12 SINKING FUNDS			65
§ 12.1 Applicability of Article			65
§ 12.2 Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities			65
§ 12.3 Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund			65
ARTICLE 13 DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE			66
§ 13.1. Applicability of Article; Company’s Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance			66
§ 13.2 Defeasance and Discharge			66
§ 13.3 Covenant Defeasance			67
§ 13.4 Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance			67
§ 13.5 Deposited Money and Government Obligations To Be Held In Trust			69
ARTICLE 14 MISCELLANEOUS			69
§ 14.1 Miscellaneous			69
ARTICLE 15 SUBORDINATION			70
§ 15.1 Securities Subordinated to Senior Indebtedness			70
§ 15.2. Reliance on Certificate of Liquidating Agent; Further Evidence as to Ownership of Senior Indebtedness			73
§ 15.3 Payment Permitted If No Default			73
§ 15.4 Disputes with Holders of Certain Senior Indebtedness			74
§ 15.5 Trustee Not Charged with Knowledge of Prohibition			74

		Page
§ 15.6 Trustee to Effectuate Subordination			75
§ 15.7 Rights of Trustee as Holder of Senior Indebtedness			75
§ 15.8 Article Applicable to Paying Agents			75
§ 15.9. Subordination Rights Not Impaired by Acts or Omissions of the Company or Holders of Senior Indebtedness			75
§ 15.10. Trustee Not Fiduciary for Holders of Senior Indebtedness			76

-v- 

     Subordinated Debt Indenture (the “Indenture”), dated as of                     , 20___, between KENNAMETAL INC., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (herein called the “Company”), having its principal office at World Headquarters, 1600 Technology Way, P.O. Box 231, Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650-0231 and                     , a                      banking corporation (herein called the “Trustee”).

RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

     The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured subordinated debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness (herein called the “Securities”), to be issued in one or more series as in this Indenture provided.

     All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

     NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

     For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of any series thereof, as follows:

ARTICLE 1

DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS
OF GENERAL APPLICATION

     § 1.

     § 1.1. Definitions.

     For all purposes of this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

          (1) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article and include the plural as well as the singular;

          (2) all other terms used herein which are defined in the Trust Indenture Act, either directly or by reference therein, have the meanings assigned to them therein;

          (3) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with GAAP;

          (4) the word “Including” (and with the correlative meaning “Include”) means including, without limiting the generality of, any description following such term; and

          (5) the words “Herein,” “Hereof” and “Hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision.

     Certain terms, used principally in Article Six, are defined in that Article.

     “Act,” when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in Section 1.4.

     “Affiliate” means another Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such first Person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”), as applied to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of that Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities or by contract or otherwise.

     “Authenticating Agent” means any Person authorized by the Trustee to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities.

     “Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11, U.S. Code or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.

     “Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company; provided, however, that when the context refers to actions or resolutions of the Board of Directors, then the term “Board of Directors” shall also mean any duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors of the Company or Officer authorized to act with respect to any particular matter to exercise the power of the Board of Directors of the Company.

     “Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

     “Business Day,” when used with respect to any Place of Payment, means each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in that Place of Payment are authorized or obligated by law or regulation to close.

     “Capitalized Lease Obligations” means Indebtedness represented by obligations under a lease that is required to be

capitalized for financial reporting purposes in accordance with GAAP and the amount of such Indebtedness shall be the capitalized amount of such obligations determined in accordance with GAAP.

     “Capital Stock” means: (1) in the case of a corporation, corporate stock; (2) in the case of an association or business entity, any and all shares, interests, participations, rights or other equivalents (however designated) of corporate stock; (3) in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, partnership or membership interests (whether general or limited); and (4) any other interest or participation that confers on a Person the right to receive a share of the profits and losses of, or distributions of assets of, the issuing Person.

     “Commission” means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if at any time after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time.

     “Common Depositary” has the meaning specified in Section 3.4.

     “Company” means the Person named as the “Company” in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor corporation shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Company” shall mean such successor corporation.

     “Company Request” or “Company Order” means a written request or order signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its President or a Vice President, and by its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, its Controller, an Assistant Controller, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee.

     “Corporate Trust Office” means the principal corporate trust office of the Trustee at which, at any particular time, its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the date hereof is located at                     , New York, NY.

     “Covenant Defeasance” has the meaning specified in Section 13.3.

     “Currency Agreement” shall mean any foreign exchange contract, currency swap agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries against fluctuations in currency values.

     “Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

     “Default” means any event which is, or after notice or passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default.

     “Defaulted Interest” has the meaning specified in Section 3.7.

     “Defeasance” has the meaning specified in Section 13.2.

     “Dollars” and “$” means lawful money of the United States of America.

     “Event of Default” has the meaning specified in Section 5.1.

     “Exchange Act” means the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

     “GAAP” means generally accepted accounting principles set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity as have been approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession, which are in effect from time to time.

     “Holder” or “Security holder” means a Person in whose name a Security is registered in the Security Register.

     “Indebtedness” means (without duplication), with respect to any Person, any indebtedness, secured or unsecured, contingent or otherwise, which is for borrowed money (whether or not the recourse of the lender is to the whole of the assets of such Person or only to a portion thereof), or evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments or representing the balance deferred and unpaid of the purchase price of any property (excluding, without limitation, any balances that constitute subscriber advance payments and deposits, accounts payable or trade payables, and other accrued liabilities arising in the ordinary course of business) if and to the extent any of the foregoing indebtedness would appear as a liability upon a balance sheet of such Person prepared in accordance with GAAP, and shall also include, to the extent not otherwise included, (i) any Capitalized Lease Obligations, (ii) obligations secured by a lien to which the property or assets owned or held by such Person is subject, whether or not the obligation or obligations secured thereby shall have been assumed, (iii) guaranties of items of other Persons which would be included within this definition for such other Persons (whether or not such items would appear upon the balance sheet of the guarantor), (iv) in the case of the Company, Preferred Stock of its Restricted Subsidiaries and (v) obligations of any such Person under any Interest Rate Agreement

applicable to any of the foregoing. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Indebtedness shall not include any interest or accrued interest until due and payable.

     “Indenture” means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities established as contemplated by Section 3.1.

     “Interest,” when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount Security which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, means interest payable after Maturity.

     “Interest Payment Date,” when used with respect to any Security, means the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.

     “Interest Rate Agreement” means, for any Person, any interest rate swap agreement, interest rate cap agreement, interest rate collar agreement or other similar agreement designed to protect the party indicated therein against fluctuations in interest rates.

     “Interest Swap Obligations” shall mean the obligations of any Person pursuant to any interest rate swap agreement, interest rate collar agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person or any of its Subsidiaries against fluctuations in interest rates.

     “Lien” shall mean any mortgage, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, lien, charge or adverse claim affecting title or resulting in an encumbrance against real or personal property or a security interest of any kind (including, without limitation, any conditional sale or other title retention agreement or lease in the nature thereof other than a lease which is not a Capitalized Lease Obligation.)

     “Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise.

     “Officer” means the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman of the Board, the President, any Senior or Executive Vice President, any Vice President, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Controller, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Company.

     “Officer’s Certificate” means a certificate of the Company signed by the Chairman of the Board, the President, the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer or a Vice President of the Company.

     “Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion from legal counsel who is acceptable to the Trustee. The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to the Company or the Trustee.

     “Original Issue Discount Security” means any Security which provides for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 5.2.

     “Outstanding,” when used with respect to Securities or Securities of any series, means, as of the date of determination, all such Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, except: (i) Securities theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; (ii) Securities, or portions thereof, for whose payment or redemption money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of such Securities; provided that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made; (iii) Securities which have been paid pursuant to Section 3.6 or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any such Securities in respect of which there shall have been presented to the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose hands such Securities are valid obligations of the Company; and (iv) Securities which have been defeased pursuant to Section 13.2; provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of the Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, (a) the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security that shall be deemed to be Outstanding for such purposes shall be that portion of the principal amount thereof that could be declared to be due and payable upon the occurrence of an Event of Default and the continuation thereof pursuant to the terms of such Original Issue Discount Security as of the date of such determination and (b) Securities owned by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Securities which the Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor.

     “Paying Agent” means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any Securities

on behalf of the Company. The Company may act as Paying Agent with respect to any Securities issued hereunder.

     “Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, limited liability company, government or any agency or political subdivision thereof, or any other entity.

     “Place of Payment,” when used with respect to the Securities of any series, means the place or places where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities of that series are payable as specified as contemplated by Section 3.1.

     “Redemption Date,” when used with respect to any Security of any series to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Indenture.

     “Redemption Price,” when used with respect to any Security of any series to be redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Indenture.

     “Registered Security” means any Security issued hereunder and registered in the Security Register.

     “Regular Record Date” for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date on the Securities of any series means the date specified for that purpose as contemplated by Section 3.1.

     “Responsible Officer,” when used with respect to the Trustee, means any officer of the Trustee in its Corporate Trust Office and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.

     “Securities” has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture.

     “Security Register” and “Security Registrar” have the respective meanings specified in Section 3.5.

     “Senior Indebtedness” is defined as the principal, premium, if any, and interest on (i) all indebtedness of the Company, whether outstanding on the date of the issuance of Subordinated Debt Securities or thereafter created, incurred or assumed, which is for money borrowed, or which is evidenced by a note or similar instrument given in connection with the acquisition of any business, properties or assets, including securities, (ii) any indebtedness of others of the kinds described in the preceding clause (i) for the

payment of which the Company is responsible or liable as guarantor or otherwise and (iii) amendments, renewals, extensions and refundings of any such indebtedness, unless in any instrument or instruments evidencing or securing such indebtedness or pursuant to which the same is outstanding, or in any such amendment, renewal, extension or refunding, it is expressly provided that such indebtedness is not superior in right of payment to Subordinated Debt Securities.

     “Significant Subsidiary” means a Subsidiary or Subsidiaries of the Company possessing assets (including the assets of its own Subsidiaries but without regard to the Company or any other Subsidiary) having a book value, in the aggregate, equal to not less than 10% of the book value of the aggregate assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries calculated on a consolidated basis.

     “Special Record Date” for the payment of any Defaulted Interest means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 3.7.

     “Stated Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and payable.

     “Subsidiary” of any specified Person means any corporation, partnership, joint venture, association or other business entity, whether now existing or hereafter organized or acquired, (i) in the case of a corporation, of which more than 50% of the total voting power of the Capital Stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, officers or trustees thereof is held by such first-named Person or any of its Subsidiaries; or (ii) in the case of a partnership, joint venture, association or other business entity, with respect to which such Person or any of its Subsidiaries has the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such entity by contract or otherwise if in accordance with GAAP such entity is consolidated with the first-named Person for financial statement purposes.

     “Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, as in force at the date as of which this Indenture was executed; provided, however, that in the event that such Act is amended after such date, “Trust Indenture Act” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as so amended.

     “Trustee” means the Person named as the “Trustee” in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, “Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series.

     “U.S. Depositary” means, with respect to the Securities of any series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more

permanent global Securities, the Person designated as U.S. Depositary by the Company pursuant to Section 3.1, which must be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act until a successor U.S. Depositary shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “U.S. Depositary” shall mean or include each Person who is then a U.S. Depositary hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, “U.S. Depositary” shall mean the U.S. Depositary with respect to the Securities of that series.

     “U.S. Government Obligations” means securities which are (i) direct obligations of the United States of America for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America which, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof or otherwise subject to prepayment, and shall also include a depository receipt issued by a New York Clearing House bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such U.S. Government Obligation or a specific payment or interest on or principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depository receipt, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt or from any amount held by the custodian in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of the U.S. Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.

     “Vice President,” when used with respect to the Company or the Trustee, means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a word or words added before or after the title “vice president”.

     § 1.2. Compliance Certificates and Opinions.

     Upon any application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any provision of this Indenture, other than an action permitted by Sections 2.5 and 7.4 hereof, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.

     Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include:

          (a) a statement that each individual signing such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating thereto;

          (b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

          (c) a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

          (d) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

     § 1.3. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee.

     In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

     Any certificate or opinion of an Officer may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such Officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an Officer or Officers of the Company stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous.

     Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.

     § 1.4. Acts of Holders.

          (a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by agents duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the “Act” of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such

instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 6.1) conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section.

          (b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such execution is by a signer acting in a capacity other than his individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of his authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any other manner which the Trustee deems sufficient.

          (c) The ownership of Registered Securities shall be proved by the Security Register.

          (d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustee or the Company in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Security.

          (e) If the Company shall solicit from the Holders any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, the Company may, at its option, by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, fix in advance a record date for the determination of Holders entitled to give such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, but the Company shall have no obligation to do so. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act may be given before or after such record date, but only the Holders of record at the close of business on such record date shall be deemed to be Holders for the purposes of determining whether Holders of the requisite proportion of Outstanding Securities have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, and for that purpose the Outstanding Securities shall be computed as of such record date; provided that no such authorization, agreement or consent by the Holders on such record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture not later than six months after the record date.

     § 1.5. Notices, Etc., to Trustee and Company.

     Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with,

          (a) the Trustee by any Holder or by the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing to or with the Trustee and received by the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration, or

          (b) the Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to the Company addressed to it at the address of its principal office specified in the first paragraph of this Indenture, attention: Secretary, or at any other address previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company.

     § 1.6. Notice to Holders; Waiver.

     Where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice shall be deemed sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein or in such Security expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder affected by such event, at his address as it appears in the Security Register, not later than the latest date, and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice. In any case where notice to Holders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders or the validity of the proceedings to which such notice relates. Where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.

     In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail, then such notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder.

     Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver required or permitted under this Indenture shall be in the English language, except that any published notice may be in an official language of the country of publication.

     § 1.7. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act.

     If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision hereof which is required to be included in this Indenture by any of the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act, such required provision shall control. If any provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the Trust Indenture Act that may be so modified or excluded, the latter provision shall be deemed to apply to this Indenture as so modified or shall be excluded, as the case may be.

     § 1.8. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents.

     The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

     § 1.9. Successors and Assigns.

     All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.

     § 1.10. Separability Clause.

     In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

     § 1.11. Benefits of Indenture.

     Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder and the Holders, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.

     § 1.12. Governing Law.

     This Indenture and the Securities shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without giving effect to any conflicts of law provisions (other than Section 5-1401 of the New York General Obligations Law) that might cause this Indenture and the Securities to be governed by or construed or enforced in accordance with the laws of any other jurisdiction.

     § 1.13. Legal Holidays.

     In any case where any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity of any Security shall not be a Business Day at any Place of Payment, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or of the Securities) payment of interest or principal (and premium, if any) need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day or on such other day as may be set out in the Officer’s Certificate pursuant to Section 3.1 at such Place of Payment with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date or Redemption Date, or at the Stated Maturity, provided that no interest shall accrue for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity, as the case may be.

     § 1.14. No Recourse Against Others.

     A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities or this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their

creation. Each Security holder, by accepting a Security, waives and releases all such liability. Such waivers and releases are part of the consideration for the issuance of the Securities.

ARTICLE 2

SECURITY FORMS

     § 2.

     § 2.1. Forms Generally.

     The Securities of each series shall be in substantially the form set forth in this Article, or in such other form as shall be established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any securities exchange or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the Officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of the Securities. If the form of Securities of any series is established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company Order contemplated by Section 3.3 for the authentication and delivery of such Securities.

     The Trustee’s certificates of authentication shall be in substantially the form set forth in this Article.

     The definitive Securities shall be photocopied, printed, lithographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the Officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities.

     § 2.2. Form of Face of Security.

     (If the Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert—FOR PURPOSES OF SECTION 1272 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE “CODE”), THE AMOUNT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 1273 (a) (1) OF THE CODE AND TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 1.1273-l(a) WITH RESPECT TO THIS SECURITY IS                     , THE ISSUE PRICE (AS DEFINED IN TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 1.1273-2) OF THIS SECURITY IS                     , THE ISSUE DATE (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 1275(a)(2) OF THE CODE AND TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 1.1273-2) OF THIS SECURITY IS                      AND THE YIELD TO MATURITY OF THIS SECURITY IS                     ).

Kennametal Inc.

No.		($)

     Kennametal Inc., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (herein called the “Company,” which term includes any successor corporation under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to      , or registered assigns, the principal sum of $                     on                     . (If the Security is to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert —, and to pay interest thereon from                                          or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, (semi-annually) (quarterly) (monthly) in arrears on                      and in each year, commencing                     , at the rate of                     % per annum, until the principal hereof is paid or made available for payment (If applicable insert—, and (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable) at the rate of                     % per annum on any overdue principal and premium and on any overdue installment of interest). The interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date will, as provided in such Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, which shall be the                      of (whether or not a Business Day), as the case maybe, next preceding such Interest Payment Date. Any such interest not so punctually paid or duly provided for will forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on such Regular Record Date and may either be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of Securities of this series not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date, or be paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Securities of this series may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, all as more fully provided in said Indenture.)

     (If the Security is not to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert—The principal of this Security shall not bear interest except in the case of a default in payment of principal upon acceleration, upon redemption or at Stated Maturity and in such case the overdue principal of this Security shall bear interest at the rate of                     % per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), which shall accrue from the date of such default in payment to the date payment of such principal has been made or duly provided for. Interest on any overdue principal shall be payable on demand. Any such interest on any overdue principal that is not so paid on demand shall bear interest at the rate of                     % per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), which shall accrue from the date of such demand for payment to the date payment of such interest has been made or duly provided for, and such interest shall also be payable on demand.)

     Payment of the principal of, and premium, if any, and (if applicable, insert—any such) interest on this Security will be made at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose in                     , in Dollars (if applicable, insert—; provided, however, that at the option of the Company payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register).

     Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Security set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

     Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof by manual signature, this Security shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed under its corporate seal.

Dated:                                                                                  

Kennametal Inc.

By:                                                                                  

Attest:

(SEAL)

     § 2.3. Form of Reverse of Security.

     This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Company (herein called the “Securities”), issued and to be issued in one or more series under an Indenture, dated as of                     , 20___(herein called the “Indenture”), between the Company and                                                             , (herein called the “Trustee,” which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. This Security is one of the series designated on the face hereof (limited in aggregate principal amount to $                    ). (If applicable, insert—The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than 30 nor more than 45 days’ notice by first class mail, (if applicable, insert—(1) on                      in any year commencing with the year                      and ending with the year                      through operation of the sinking fund for this series at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the principal amount, and (2)) at any time (on or after                     ,), as a whole or in part, at the election

of the Company, at the following Redemption Prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount):

     If redeemed (on or before                     ,                     %, and if redeemed) during the 12-month period beginning                      of the years indicated, Year                      Redemption Price                      Year                       Redemption Price and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to                      of the principal amount, together in the case of any such redemption (if applicable, insert — (whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise)) with accrued and unpaid interest to the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.)

     (If applicable, insert — The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than 30 nor more than 45 days’ notice by first class mail, (1) on                      in any year commencing with the year                      and ending with the year through operation of the sinking fund for this series at the Redemption Prices for redemption through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below, and (2) at any time (on or after                     ), as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the Redemption Prices for redemption otherwise than through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below:

     If redeemed during a 12-month period beginning                      of the years indicated, Redemption Price for Redemption Price for Redemption Through Redemption Otherwise Operation of the Than Through Operation Year Sinking Fund of the Sinking Fund and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to                      % of the principal amount, together in the case of any such redemption (whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise) with accrued and unpaid interest to the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.)

     (Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may not, prior to                      redeem any Securities of this series as contemplated by (clause (2) of) the preceding paragraph as a part of, or in anticipation of, any refunding operation by the application, directly or indirectly, of moneys borrowed having an interest cost to the Company (calculated in accordance with generally accepted financial practice) of less than                     % per annum.)

     (The sinking fund for this series provides for the redemption on in each year beginning with the year                      and ending with the year                      of (not less than) $                      ((“mandatory sinking fund”) and not more than $ aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series.) (Securities of this series acquired or redeemed by the Company otherwise than through (mandatory) sinking fund payments may be credited

against subsequent (mandatory) sinking fund payments otherwise required to be made—in the (inverse) order in which they become due.)

     (In the event of redemption of this Security in part only a new Security or Securities of this series for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof.)

     (If the Security is not an Original Issue Discount Security, insert — If any Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing, the principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture.) (If the Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert — If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing, an amount of principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture. Such amount shall be equal — insert formula for determining the amount.) Upon payment (i) of the amount of principal so declared due and payable and (ii) of interest on any overdue principal and overdue interest (in each case to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), all of the Company’s obligations in respect of the payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of this series shall terminate.

     This Security is a subordinated and unsecured obligation of the Company and is subordinated and junior in right of payment to all other senior unsecured obligations of the Company.

     This Security is subject to Defeasance as described in the Indenture. The Indenture may be modified by the Company and the Trustee without consent of any Holder with respect to certain matters as described in the Indenture. In addition, the Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Company and the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each series to be affected under the Indenture at any time by the Company and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities at the time Outstanding of each series to be affected. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of each series at the time Outstanding, on behalf of the Holders of all Securities of such series, to waive compliance by the Company with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Security shall bind such Holder and all future Holders of this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange hereof or in lieu hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security.

     No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on this Security at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed.

     As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this Security is registrable in the Security Register, upon surrender of this Security for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company in any place where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on this Security are payable, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed by the Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities of this series, of authorized denominations and for the same Stated Maturity and aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees.

     The Securities of this series are issuable only in registered form without coupons in denominations of ($1,000) and any integral multiple thereof. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Securities of this series are exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series of a different authorized denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same.

     No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith.

     Prior to due presentment of this Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

     The Indenture imposes certain limitations on the ability of the Company to, among other things, merge or consolidate with any other Person or sell, assign, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties or assets (If other covenants are applicable pursuant to the provisions of Section 3.1, insert here). All such covenants and limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions. The Company must report periodically to the Trustee on compliance with the covenants in the Indenture.

     A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under this Security or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each Holder, by accepting a Security, waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issuance of this Security.

     (If applicable, insert — Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures (“CUSIP”), the Company has caused CUSIP numbers to be printed on the Securities of this series as a convenience to the Holders of the Securities of this series. No representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of such numbers as printed on the Securities of this series and reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed hereon.)

     All capitalized terms used in this Security without definition which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

ASSIGNMENT FORM

     To assign this Security, fill in the form below: (I) or (we) assign and transfer this Security to

(Insert assignee’s social security or tax I.D. number)

(Print or type assignee’s name, address and zip code)

and irrevocably appoint